feat(hamlog): mark what has been sent, and a QSL Manager backlog

An upload now leaves a trace on the QSO: APP_OPSLOG_HAMLOG_SENT holds the day
it went. The date rather than a Y, so a log says WHEN — and so one shape serves
three readers: eligibility (a stamped QSO is not sent twice), the QSL Manager's
backlog, and the appearance rules' sent channel.

HAMLOG joins the QSL Manager's service list. It has no status column to select
on, so its backlog is the ABSENCE of that extras key — a LIKE over the extras
JSON, which is a full scan and is the right trade here: it answers a button an
operator presses, and the alternative is a promoted column for a field no other
program would ever read. The match is on the quoted key, so a QSO whose comment
merely mentions the text is not taken for one already sent — which is what the
test pins.

app.go

@@ -10999,6 +10999,13 @@ func (a *App) FindQSOsForUpload(service, sentStatus string) ([]qso.QSO, error) {
 	if a.qso == nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("db not initialized")
 	}
+	// HAMLOG.online keeps its state in an ADIF extra rather than a column, so
+	// its backlog is "the extra is absent" instead of "the column is blank".
+	// The sent-status filter has nothing to select on — a QSO has gone or it has
+	// not — so it is ignored rather than pretended to work.
+	if extsvc.Service(service) == extsvc.ServiceHamlog {
+		return a.qso.ListMissingExtra(a.ctx, hamlogSentKey)
+	}
 	col := uploadColumnFor(service)
 	if col == "" {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown service %q", service)
@@ -11014,7 +11021,7 @@ func (a *App) UploadQSOsManual(service string, ids []int64) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("db not initialized")
 	}
 	svc := extsvc.Service(service)
-	if uploadColumnFor(service) == "" {
+	if uploadColumnFor(service) == "" && svc != extsvc.ServiceHamlog {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unknown service %q", service)
 	}
 	cfg := a.loadExternalServices()
@@ -12820,6 +12827,15 @@ func (a *App) extShouldUpload(svc extsvc.Service, id int64) bool {
 		// and every QSO is eligible. The cost is that a permanently failed upload
 		// is not remembered — hence no on-close mode and no manual backlog.
 		return true
+	case extsvc.ServiceHamlog:
+		// The stamp is an extra, not a column — see markExtUploaded. Present means
+		// it has gone, which is what stops an on-demand re-upload of a whole log
+		// from sending every contact twice.
+		if q.Extras != nil && strings.TrimSpace(q.Extras[hamlogSentKey]) != "" {
+			applog.Printf("extsvc: QSO %d not eligible for hamlog — already sent on %s", id, q.Extras[hamlogSentKey])
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
 	case extsvc.ServiceLoTW:
 		for _, f := range a.loadExternalServices().LoTW.UploadFlags {
 			if strings.EqualFold(q.LOTWSent, f) {
@@ -12833,6 +12849,11 @@ func (a *App) extShouldUpload(svc extsvc.Service, id int64) bool {
 
 // markExtUploaded stamps the per-service upload status on the QSO row and
 // tells the frontend to refresh that row's confirmation columns.
+// hamlogSentKey records the day a QSO went to HAMLOG.online. Shared with the
+// row colours (lib/rowColors.ts) and the QSL Manager, so the three agree on
+// what "already sent" means.
+const hamlogSentKey = "APP_OPSLOG_HAMLOG_SENT"
+
 func (a *App) markExtUploaded(svc extsvc.Service, id int64, logID string) {
 	date := time.Now().UTC().Format("20060102")
 	// Use a fresh background context, NOT a.ctx: this stamp often runs during
@@ -12869,6 +12890,13 @@ func (a *App) markExtUploaded(svc extsvc.Service, id int64, logID string) {
 	case extsvc.ServiceCloudlog:
 		// Nothing to stamp — see extShouldUpload. Still logged and announced so
 		// the upload is visible in the diagnostic log and the UI.
+	case extsvc.ServiceHamlog:
+		// An ADIF EXTRA, not a column: the standard names a field for hamlog.EU
+		// and none for hamlog.ONLINE, and borrowing the other site's would write
+		// a falsehood into every export. The date rather than a Y, so a log tells
+		// WHEN a contact went — and so the same shape serves the QSL Manager's
+		// backlog query, which asks "is this key present at all".
+		err = a.qso.SetExtra(ctx, id, hamlogSentKey, date)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		applog.Printf("extsvc: mark %s uploaded %d failed: %v", svc, id, err)

changelog.json

@@ -7,14 +7,16 @@
       "HAMLOG.online: QSOs can be uploaded as they are logged, like QRZ.com or Club Log. The API key is checked in the settings before the first contact — the answer names the account it belongs to, so a key pasted from another callsign or an expired one is caught at once instead of after a week of silent refusals.",
       "HAMLOG.online is also a confirmation source for awards, alongside LoTW, QSL, eQSL and QRZ.com — tick it under Confirmed, under Validated, or both.",
       "A rig whose serial port is refused now says who is likely holding it — OmniRig stays resident and keeps the port of the rig configured in it, which is what a native backend then never gets. \"Serial port busy\" alone named nobody.",
-      "The row colours in Appearance can be scoped to HAMLOG.online as well, alongside paper, LoTW, eQSL and QRZ.com."
+      "The row colours in Appearance can be scoped to HAMLOG.online as well, alongside paper, LoTW, eQSL and QRZ.com.",
+      "HAMLOG.online appears in the QSL Manager too: pick it to see every QSO never sent there and upload the backlog in one go. A contact already sent carries the date it went, so a second sweep does not send it twice."
     ],
     "fr": [
       "Yaesu : une ligne ANT dans le panneau du poste sélectionne la prise d'antenne, et le choix est mémorisé pour la bande sur laquelle il a été fait — on change de bande, l'antenne suit. Aucune page à configurer : choisir l'antenne une fois sur une bande le dit très bien. Les postes à une seule prise n'affichent jamais la ligne.",
       "HAMLOG.online : les QSO peuvent être envoyés au fil de leur enregistrement, comme QRZ.com ou Club Log. La clé API se vérifie dans les réglages avant le premier contact — la réponse nomme le compte auquel elle appartient, donc une clé d'un autre indicatif ou expirée se voit tout de suite au lieu d'après une semaine de refus silencieux.",
       "HAMLOG.online est aussi une source de confirmation pour les diplômes, aux côtés de LoTW, QSL, eQSL et QRZ.com — à cocher dans Confirmé, dans Validé, ou les deux.",
       "Un poste dont le port série est refusé indique maintenant qui le détient vraisemblablement — OmniRig reste résident et garde le port de la radio configurée chez lui, que le backend natif n'obtient alors jamais. « Serial port busy » ne désignait personne.",
-      "Les couleurs de lignes dans Apparence peuvent aussi être limitées à HAMLOG.online, aux côtés du papier, de LoTW, d'eQSL et de QRZ.com."
+      "Les couleurs de lignes dans Apparence peuvent aussi être limitées à HAMLOG.online, aux côtés du papier, de LoTW, d'eQSL et de QRZ.com.",
+      "HAMLOG.online figure aussi dans le gestionnaire QSL : on le choisit pour voir tous les QSO jamais envoyés là-bas et expédier l'arriéré d'un coup. Un contact déjà envoyé porte la date de son départ, donc un second passage ne le renvoie pas."
     ]
   },
   {

frontend/src/components/QSLManagerModal.tsx

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ const SERVICES = [
   { v: 'hrdlog',  label: 'HRDLog.net' },
   { v: 'eqsl',    label: 'eQSL.cc' },
   { v: 'lotw',    label: 'LoTW' },
+  { v: 'hamlog',  label: 'HAMLOG.online' },
   { v: 'pota',    label: 'POTA hunter log' },
   { v: 'paper',   label: 'Paper QSL' },
 ];

internal/qso/qso.go

@@ -3750,3 +3750,39 @@ func (r *Repo) IDByDedupeKey(ctx context.Context, callsign, qsoDateMinute, band,
 	}
 	return id, u.String, true, nil
 }
+
+// ListMissingExtra returns the QSOs that do NOT carry an ADIF extras key.
+//
+// For a service with no status column of its own — HAMLOG.online, whose field
+// the ADIF standard does not define — this is the backlog: everything never
+// sent. Matched with LIKE on the extras JSON, which is a full scan; that is
+// acceptable here because it answers a button the operator presses, not a hot
+// path, and the alternative is a promoted column for a field no other program
+// would ever read.
+func (r *Repo) ListMissingExtra(ctx context.Context, key string) ([]QSO, error) {
+	key = strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(key))
+	if key == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing extras key")
+	}
+	// The JSON is written by encoding/json, so a present key always appears as
+	// "KEY": — quoted, followed by a colon. A value containing that text cannot
+	// produce a false positive: it would be escaped inside its own quotes.
+	like := "%\"" + key + "\":%"
+	rows, err := r.db.QueryContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT `+selectCols+` FROM qso
+		 WHERE COALESCE(extras_json,'') NOT LIKE ?
+		 ORDER BY qso_date DESC, id DESC`, like)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list missing extra: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	out := make([]QSO, 0, 64)
+	for rows.Next() {
+		q, err := scanQSO(rows)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		out = append(out, q)
+	}
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}

internal/qso/syncuid_test.go

@@ -143,3 +143,37 @@ func TestIDByDedupeKeyRecognisesTheSameContact(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("an empty key matched a row")
 	}
 }
+
+// A service with no status column of its own — HAMLOG.online, whose field the
+// ADIF standard does not define — finds its backlog by the ABSENCE of an extras
+// key. The LIKE has to match the key, and only the key: a QSO whose comment
+// happens to contain the same text must not be mistaken for one already sent.
+func TestListMissingExtraMatchesTheKeyNotItsText(t *testing.T) {
+	r := openRepo(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	sent := addQSO(t, r, "F4BPO", time.Date(2026, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC))
+	notSent, err := r.Add(ctx, QSO{
+		Callsign: "F1TRF", QSODate: time.Date(2026, 1, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC),
+		Band: "40m", Mode: "CW",
+		Comment: "mentions APP_OPSLOG_HAMLOG_SENT in the text",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := r.SetExtra(ctx, sent, "APP_OPSLOG_HAMLOG_SENT", "20260823"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	got, err := r.ListMissingExtra(ctx, "APP_OPSLOG_HAMLOG_SENT")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(got) != 1 || got[0].ID != notSent {
+		ids := make([]int64, len(got))
+		for i, q := range got {
+			ids[i] = q.ID
+		}
+		t.Fatalf("backlog = %v, want just %d (the one never sent)", ids, notSent)
+	}
+}