chore: release v0.25.8

feat(relays): accept a self-signed certificate on a generic HTTP board
HTTPS to a relay board could not work. Nearly every board that offers it signs its own certificate — there is no authority anywhere that could have signed it — so the request failed verification before it left. A checkbox, per board, off by default. Not a blanket switch, because the other HTTPS case is real and opposite: a board reached from outside through a proxy with a genuine certificate, where verification is the only thing standing between an antenna switch and the internet. Same setting, two boards, different answers. Off by default is only safe if the failure explains itself, so a certificate error now names the box to tick. Go's own "x509: certificate signed by unknown authority" is accurate and tells an operator nothing about what to do next. Shown only once an https:// URL is actually in the board's configuration. A board on plain HTTP has no certificate to argue about, and an option that cannot matter yet is one more thing to wonder about. The flag joins the driver cache key: ticking it has to rebuild the driver, or the cached one would go on refusing the certificate with the verifying client it already holds. The boards that take a bare host — WebSwitch, KMTronic — keep verification. An https:// typed there is the proxy case by construction, since they default to plain HTTP on the LAN. Three tests against a real self-signed TLS server: accepted with the box, refused with a message naming it without the box, and one board's setting not leaking into another's.
2026-08-17 13:18:32 +02:00 · 2026-08-17 10:57:29 +02:00 · 2026-08-17 10:42:19 +02:00 · 2026-08-17 10:32:06 +02:00 · 2026-08-17 10:26:13 +02:00 · 2026-08-17 10:17:28 +02:00
36 changed files with 3036 additions and 309 deletions
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 package main

-import "testing"
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)

 // The coupling is a SET, not a global switch.
 //
@@ -61,3 +66,73 @@ func TestLinkedAmpsNeedsTwo(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+// Two combined amplifiers must be commanded AT THE SAME TIME, not one after the
+// other.
+//
+// Sequentially, the second was commanded only once the first had answered — and
+// an SPE answers over its own link, in its own time. The combiner heard power
+// appear on one input before the other and beeped about it, on every OFF and
+// every ON. This is what an operator hears, so it is worth a test that would
+// hear it too.
+func TestLinkedAmpCommandsLeaveTogether(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &App{}
+	const slow = 150 * time.Millisecond
+
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+	starts := map[string]time.Time{}
+	err := a.ampFanOut([]string{"one", "two"}, func(id string) error {
+		mu.Lock()
+		starts[id] = time.Now()
+		mu.Unlock()
+		time.Sleep(slow) // an amplifier taking its time to answer
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("fan-out: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(starts) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("%d amplifiers were commanded, want both", len(starts))
+	}
+	// Both goroutines wait on one channel and are released by closing it, so the
+	// gap is scheduling noise. Sequential execution would put a full command
+	// between them.
+	gap := starts["one"].Sub(starts["two"])
+	if gap < 0 {
+		gap = -gap
+	}
+	if gap > slow/3 {
+		t.Errorf("the two amplifiers were commanded %v apart — the combiner hears that as one input arriving late", gap)
+	}
+}
+
+// The amplifier the operator clicked comes first, and its failure is the one
+// reported: "the amp I pressed did not respond" beats the same message about
+// its silent partner.
+func TestLinkedAmpErrorNamesTheOneClicked(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &App{}
+	clicked := errors.New("the one clicked")
+	other := errors.New("the other one")
+	err := a.ampFanOut([]string{"clicked", "other"}, func(id string) error {
+		if id == "clicked" {
+			return clicked
+		}
+		return other
+	})
+	if !errors.Is(err, clicked) {
+		t.Errorf("fan-out reported %v, want the amplifier the operator pressed", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// One amplifier is the ordinary case and must not change: run inline, no
+// goroutine, no barrier, and the error straight back.
+func TestSingleAmpRunsInline(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &App{}
+	boom := errors.New("not running")
+	if err := a.ampFanOut([]string{"solo"}, func(string) error { return boom }); !errors.Is(err, boom) {
+		t.Errorf("a single amplifier reported %v, want the error itself", err)
+	}
+	if err := a.ampFanOut(nil, func(string) error { return boom }); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("an empty group reported %v, want nothing to do", err)
+	}
+}
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ import (
 	"hamlog/internal/spe"
 	"hamlog/internal/steppir"
 	"hamlog/internal/syncfolder"
+	"hamlog/internal/tciserver"
 	"hamlog/internal/tunergenius"
 	"hamlog/internal/uls"
 	"hamlog/internal/ultrabeam"
@@ -120,6 +121,8 @@ const (
 	keyCATDigitalDefault  = "cat.digital_default" // mode to use when CAT reports DATA
 	keyCATShareEnabled    = "cat.share.enabled"   // expose CAT to other programs (Hamlib NET rigctl)
 	keyCATSharePort       = "cat.share.port"      // TCP port for that server (rigctld default 4532)
+	keyCATShareProto      = "cat.share.proto"     // which sharing server runs: "rigctl" (Hamlib NET) or "tci"
+	keyCATShareTCIPort    = "cat.share.tci_port"  // WebSocket port for the TCI server (TCI default 40001)
 	keyCATXieguPort       = "cat.xiegu.port"      // Xiegu CI-V serial port (G90/X6100…)
 	keyCATXieguBaud       = "cat.xiegu.baud"      // Xiegu CI-V baud (G90 default 19200)
 	keyCATXieguAddr       = "cat.xiegu.addr"      // Xiegu CI-V address (factory 0x70)
@@ -457,8 +460,13 @@ type CATSettings struct {
 	PollMs          int    `json:"poll_ms"`         // poll interval in ms (default 250)
 	DelayMs         int    `json:"delay_ms"`        // pause between commands (default 0)
 	DigitalDefault  string `json:"digital_default"` // when CAT says DATA, surface this mode (FT8/FT4/RTTY/…)
-	ShareEnabled    bool   `json:"share_enabled"`   // serve CAT to other programs (Hamlib NET rigctl)
-	SharePort       int    `json:"share_port"`      // TCP port for it (default 4532)
+	ShareEnabled    bool   `json:"share_enabled"`   // serve CAT to other programs
+	SharePort       int    `json:"share_port"`      // TCP port for the rigctl server (default 4532)
+	// ShareProto picks WHICH server runs — "rigctl" or "tci". One or the other,
+	// not both: they are two ways of asking the same radio the same questions,
+	// and a second listener is only a second thing to go wrong.
+	ShareProto   string `json:"share_proto"`
+	ShareTCIPort int    `json:"share_tci_port"` // WebSocket port for the TCI server (default 40001)
 	// PTT hotkey — a keyboard key that keys the transmitter while OpsLog is
 	// focused (hold-to-talk, or toggle). Uses the configured Audio → PTT method,
 	// falling back to CAT keying when that is VOX/none.
@@ -596,8 +604,12 @@ type App struct {
 	// port: without it, choosing native CAT locks WSJT-X and friends out of the
 	// radio entirely. nil when the operator has not enabled sharing.
 	catShare *rigctld.Server
-	dxcc     *dxcc.Manager
-	cluster  *cluster.Manager
+	// catShareTCI serves the same link to programs built around Expert
+	// Electronics' TCI instead. One or the other runs, never both — they answer
+	// the same questions about the same radio, and nothing speaks both.
+	catShareTCI *tciserver.Server
+	dxcc        *dxcc.Manager
+	cluster     *cluster.Manager
 	// Cluster spots/lines are processed OFF the socket-read goroutine. Enriching a
 	// spot (DXCC/POTA), emitting it to the UI, running alert rules — which can hit
 	// a remote MySQL via isWorkedBandMode — and mirroring it to the Flex all used
@@ -1691,6 +1703,10 @@ func (a *App) shutdown(ctx context.Context) {
 		a.catShare.Stop()
 		a.catShare = nil
 	}
+	if a.catShareTCI != nil {
+		a.catShareTCI.Stop()
+		a.catShareTCI = nil
+	}
 	if a.cat != nil {
 		a.cat.Stop()
 	}
@@ -2654,8 +2670,14 @@ func (a *App) reloadLookupProviders() {
 		fmt.Println("OpsLog: settings load error:", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if days, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[keyCacheTTL]); days > 0 {
-		a.cache.SetTTL(time.Duration(days) * 24 * time.Hour)
+	// An EXPLICIT zero switches the cache off; an ABSENT key leaves the thirty-day
+	// default the cache was built with. The difference matters: every operator who
+	// has never opened this setting has no value stored, and reading that blank as
+	// a zero would silently turn the cache off for all of them.
+	if raw := strings.TrimSpace(m[keyCacheTTL]); raw != "" {
+		if days, err := strconv.Atoi(raw); err == nil && days >= 0 {
+			a.cache.SetTTL(time.Duration(days) * 24 * time.Hour)
+		}
 	}

 	build := func(name string) lookup.Provider {
@@ -5218,6 +5240,37 @@ func (a *App) SaveAwardReference(code string, ref awardref.Ref) error {
 	}
 	a.markAwardEdited(code)
 	a.mirrorAwards()
+	// A reference's name is what the award column SHOWS for awards displaying by
+	// name, and its pattern is part of what matches at all — so editing one
+	// changes rows in the log, exactly as deleting or replacing the list does.
+	// Those already recomputed; this did not, and left the grid showing the old
+	// label until something else happened to trigger a pass.
+	a.recomputeAwardRefsAsync()
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RenameAwardReference changes a reference's code on an award the operator
+// already runs.
+//
+// The one field the editor could not touch, and the one that was wrong: WAJA
+// shipped numbered by the Japanese state rather than by the JARL. Correcting it
+// meant deleting the whole list and importing another — throwing away anything
+// the operator had adjusted in it.
+func (a *App) RenameAwardReference(code, oldRef, newRef string) error {
+	if a.awardRefs == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("db not initialized")
+	}
+	if err := a.awardRefs.Rename(a.ctx, code, oldRef, newRef); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	a.markAwardEdited(code)
+	a.mirrorAwards()
+	// The materialised award columns hold a LABEL computed from the definition —
+	// the reference code for most awards, the name for those displaying by name.
+	// A renumbered reference changes the first kind, so the log is recomputed
+	// exactly as it is for every other reference-list change.
+	a.recomputeAwardRefsAsync()
+	applog.Printf("awards: %s reference %s renumbered to %s", code, oldRef, newRef)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -7237,6 +7290,19 @@ func (a *App) lookupCallsign(callsign string, force bool, qsoDate string) (looku
 		}
 	}
 	a.enrichFromULS(&r, callsign)
+	// An entity that IS a single island group answers for itself. QRZ carries
+	// <iota> only for the operators who filled it in, and most have not; but a
+	// station in Ascension is on AF-003 whatever its callbook record says, and
+	// the entity is known for every callsign from cty.dat alone.
+	//
+	// So this reaches the operator with no QRZ subscription, and the station
+	// that has never touched a callbook — and it is right when the two
+	// disagree only in the sense that the callbook wins: filled ONLY when the
+	// callbook gave nothing, because an operator who typed their own reference
+	// knows something a table cannot (an IOTA-heavy entity, a rare island).
+	if r.IOTA == "" && r.DXCC != 0 {
+		r.IOTA = awardref.IOTAForDXCC(r.DXCC)
+	}
 	// Custom outbound rows bound to a lookup. After the enrichment, so a
 	// template sees the same grid and county the entry panel is about to show —
 	// two answers for one callsign is how a rotator ends up pointed elsewhere
@@ -7338,9 +7404,13 @@ func (a *App) GetLookupSettings() (LookupSettings, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return LookupSettings{}, err
 	}
-	ttl, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[keyCacheTTL])
-	if ttl <= 0 {
-		ttl = 30
+	// Same rule as reloadLookupProviders: blank means "never set" and gets the
+	// default, while a stored zero is the operator asking for no cache at all.
+	ttl := 30
+	if raw := strings.TrimSpace(m[keyCacheTTL]); raw != "" {
+		if n, err := strconv.Atoi(raw); err == nil && n >= 0 {
+			ttl = n
+		}
 	}
 	return LookupSettings{
 		QRZUser:           m[keyQRZUser],
@@ -7360,8 +7430,9 @@ func (a *App) SaveLookupSettings(s LookupSettings) error {
 	if a.settings == nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("db not initialized")
 	}
-	if s.CacheTTLDays <= 0 {
-		s.CacheTTLDays = 30
+	// Zero is kept — it means no cache. Only a negative number is nonsense.
+	if s.CacheTTLDays < 0 {
+		s.CacheTTLDays = 0
 	}
 	// Reject a primary == failsafe routing combo — would just hit the same
 	// provider twice. Frontend should prevent this but defend in depth.
@@ -7436,7 +7507,7 @@ func (a *App) GetCATSettings() (CATSettings, error) {
 	if a.settings == nil {
 		return CATSettings{Backend: "omnirig", OmniRigNum: 1, PollMs: 250}, fmt.Errorf("db not initialized")
 	}
-	m, err := a.settings.GetMany(a.ctx, keyCATEnabled, keyCATBackend, keyCATOmniRigNum, keyCATOmniRigVFO, keyCATFlexHost, keyCATFlexPort, keyCATFlexSpots, keyCATFlexDecodeSpots, keyCATFlexDecodeSecs, keyCATXieguPort, keyCATXieguBaud, keyCATXieguAddr, keyCATXieguPTTLine, keyCATYaesuPort, keyCATYaesuBaud, keyCATKenwoodPort, keyCATKenwoodBaud, keyCATKenwoodHost, keyCATYaesuLowLines, keyCATKenwoodLowLines, keyCATKenwoodDataMode, keyCATIcomPort, keyCATIcomBaud, keyCATIcomAddr, keyCATIcomNetHost, keyCATIcomNetUser, keyCATIcomNetPass, keyCATIcomNetAudio, keyCATTCIHost, keyCATTCIPort, keyCATTCISpots, keyCATPttHotkeyEnabled, keyCATPttHotkey, keyCATPttHotkeyToggle, keyCATPollMs, keyCATDelayMs, keyCATDigitalDefault, keyCATShareEnabled, keyCATSharePort)
+	m, err := a.settings.GetMany(a.ctx, keyCATEnabled, keyCATBackend, keyCATOmniRigNum, keyCATOmniRigVFO, keyCATFlexHost, keyCATFlexPort, keyCATFlexSpots, keyCATFlexDecodeSpots, keyCATFlexDecodeSecs, keyCATXieguPort, keyCATXieguBaud, keyCATXieguAddr, keyCATXieguPTTLine, keyCATYaesuPort, keyCATYaesuBaud, keyCATKenwoodPort, keyCATKenwoodBaud, keyCATKenwoodHost, keyCATYaesuLowLines, keyCATKenwoodLowLines, keyCATKenwoodDataMode, keyCATIcomPort, keyCATIcomBaud, keyCATIcomAddr, keyCATIcomNetHost, keyCATIcomNetUser, keyCATIcomNetPass, keyCATIcomNetAudio, keyCATTCIHost, keyCATTCIPort, keyCATTCISpots, keyCATPttHotkeyEnabled, keyCATPttHotkey, keyCATPttHotkeyToggle, keyCATPollMs, keyCATDelayMs, keyCATDigitalDefault, keyCATShareEnabled, keyCATSharePort, keyCATShareProto, keyCATShareTCIPort)
 	if err != nil {
 		return CATSettings{}, err
 	}
@@ -7478,6 +7549,8 @@ func (a *App) GetCATSettings() (CATSettings, error) {
 		DigitalDefault:   m[keyCATDigitalDefault],
 		ShareEnabled:     m[keyCATShareEnabled] == "1",
 		SharePort:        4532,
+		ShareProto:       "rigctl",
+		ShareTCIPort:     tciserver.DefaultPort,
 	}
 	if n, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[keyCATFlexPort]); n > 0 && n <= 65535 {
 		out.FlexPort = n
@@ -7491,6 +7564,12 @@ func (a *App) GetCATSettings() (CATSettings, error) {
 	if n, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[keyCATSharePort]); n > 0 && n <= 65535 {
 		out.SharePort = n
 	}
+	if p := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(m[keyCATShareProto])); p == "tci" {
+		out.ShareProto = p
+	}
+	if n, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[keyCATShareTCIPort]); n > 0 && n <= 65535 {
+		out.ShareTCIPort = n
+	}
 	if n, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[keyCATXieguBaud]); n > 0 {
 		out.XieguBaud = n
 	}
@@ -7548,6 +7627,12 @@ func (a *App) SaveCATSettings(s CATSettings) error {
 	if s.SharePort <= 0 || s.SharePort > 65535 {
 		s.SharePort = 4532
 	}
+	if s.ShareProto != "tci" {
+		s.ShareProto = "rigctl"
+	}
+	if s.ShareTCIPort <= 0 || s.ShareTCIPort > 65535 {
+		s.ShareTCIPort = tciserver.DefaultPort
+	}
 	if s.XieguBaud <= 0 {
 		s.XieguBaud = 19200
 	}
@@ -7648,6 +7733,8 @@ func (a *App) SaveCATSettings(s CATSettings) error {
 		keyCATDigitalDefault:   strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(s.DigitalDefault)),
 		keyCATShareEnabled:     shareEnabled,
 		keyCATSharePort:        strconv.Itoa(s.SharePort),
+		keyCATShareProto:       s.ShareProto,
+		keyCATShareTCIPort:     strconv.Itoa(s.ShareTCIPort),
 	} {
 		if err := a.settings.Set(a.ctx, k, v); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -10289,6 +10376,15 @@ func (a *App) TestCloudlogUpload() (string, error) {
 // ── QSL Manager (manual upload) ────────────────────────────────────────

 // uploadColumnFor maps a service id to its QSO sent-status column.
+// manualUploadPace is the shortest gap between two consecutive single-QSO
+// uploads in a bulk "Send to …" run, for the services with no batch endpoint
+// (QRZ.com, HRDLog). Selecting twenty-five thousand QSOs in the QSL Manager and
+// firing them off as fast as the link allows is exactly the traffic a logbook
+// service reads as a robot rather than an operator — Club Log threatens to block
+// an IP for it. The gap is free in practice: a round trip to either already
+// takes longer than it.
+const manualUploadPace = 200 * time.Millisecond
+
 func uploadColumnFor(service string) string {
 	switch extsvc.Service(service) {
 	case extsvc.ServiceQRZ:
@@ -10383,10 +10479,13 @@ func (a *App) runManualUpload(svc extsvc.Service, ids []int64, cfg extsvc.Extern
 				}
 			}
 		}
-	} else if svc == extsvc.ServiceClublog || svc == extsvc.ServiceHRDLog {
+	} else if svc == extsvc.ServiceClublog || svc == extsvc.ServiceHRDLog || svc == extsvc.ServiceEQSL {
 		statusCol, dateCol := "clublog_qso_upload_status", "clublog_qso_upload_date"
-		if svc == extsvc.ServiceHRDLog {
+		switch svc {
+		case extsvc.ServiceHRDLog:
 			statusCol, dateCol = "hrdlog_qso_upload_status", "hrdlog_qso_upload_date"
+		case extsvc.ServiceEQSL:
+			statusCol, dateCol = "eqsl_sent", "eqsl_sent_date"
 		}
 		type item struct {
 			id   int64
@@ -10450,10 +10549,62 @@ func (a *App) runManualUpload(svc extsvc.Service, ids []int64, cfg extsvc.Extern
 					applog.Printf("extsvc: Club Log batch FAILED (%s) — QSOs: %s", msg, strings.Join(who, ", "))
 				}
 			}
+		} else if svc == extsvc.ServiceEQSL {
+			// eQSL's ImportADIF.cfm is a file importer — it answers "X out of Y
+			// records added" — so send a whole chunk per request instead of one
+			// request per contact. eQSL asks that an upload stay under about a
+			// thousand records; 100 keeps a single refused record from taking the
+			// rest of the chunk with it.
+			const chunk = 100
+			emit(fmt.Sprintf("eQSL: uploading %d QSO(s) in batches of %d…", len(items), chunk))
+			for start := 0; start < len(items); start += chunk {
+				end := start + chunk
+				if end > len(items) {
+					end = len(items)
+				}
+				batch := items[start:end]
+				recs := make([]string, len(batch))
+				batchIDs := make([]int64, len(batch))
+				for i, it := range batch {
+					recs[i] = it.rec
+					batchIDs[i] = it.id
+				}
+				res, err := extsvc.UploadEQSLBatch(ctx, nil, cfg.EQSL.Username, cfg.EQSL.Password, cfg.EQSL.QTHNickname, recs)
+				if err == nil && res.OK {
+					if merr := a.qso.MarkUploadedBatch(ctx, statusCol, dateCol, date, batchIDs); merr != nil {
+						applog.Printf("extsvc: eQSL batch mark: %v", merr)
+					}
+					uploaded += len(batch)
+					// eQSL took the file but left records out. It never says WHICH
+					// — normally they are QSOs it already holds — so quote its own
+					// count rather than claim a clean run.
+					if res.Ignored {
+						emit(fmt.Sprintf("eQSL: %d/%d uploaded — %s", end, len(items), res.Message))
+					} else {
+						emit(fmt.Sprintf("eQSL: %d/%d uploaded", end, len(items)))
+					}
+				} else {
+					msg := res.Message
+					if err != nil {
+						msg = err.Error()
+					}
+					// Name the QSOs in the failing batch, same as Club Log: a
+					// per-record rejection is otherwise impossible to locate.
+					who := make([]string, 0, len(batch))
+					for _, it := range batch {
+						who = append(who, fmt.Sprintf("%s#%d", it.call, it.id))
+					}
+					emit(fmt.Sprintf("eQSL: batch of %d FAILED: %s", len(batch), msg))
+					applog.Printf("extsvc: eQSL batch FAILED (%s) — QSOs: %s", msg, strings.Join(who, ", "))
+				}
+			}
 		} else {
 			// HRDLog's NewEntry.aspx inserts only the FIRST record of a multi-
 			// record ADIF, so upload ONE record per request. The DB stays cheap:
 			// bulk fetch above + the marks flushed in batches (not one per QSO).
+			// Paced: HRDLog is the one service here with no way to batch, and a
+			// few thousand requests as fast as the link allows is what a logbook
+			// reads as a robot.
 			emit(fmt.Sprintf("HRDLog: uploading %d QSO(s) (one request each)…", len(items)))
 			var doneIDs []int64
 			flush := func() {
@@ -10466,6 +10617,9 @@ func (a *App) runManualUpload(svc extsvc.Service, ids []int64, cfg extsvc.Extern
 				doneIDs = doneIDs[:0]
 			}
 			for i, it := range items {
+				if i > 0 {
+					time.Sleep(manualUploadPace)
+				}
 				res, err := extsvc.UploadHRDLog(ctx, nil, cfg.HRDLog.Callsign, cfg.HRDLog.Code, it.rec)
 				if err == nil && res.OK {
 					doneIDs = append(doneIDs, it.id)
@@ -10487,34 +10641,26 @@ func (a *App) runManualUpload(svc extsvc.Service, ids []int64, cfg extsvc.Extern
 			flush()
 		}
 	} else {
-		// QRZ.com: one record per request (its logbook API has no batch upload).
-		for _, id := range ids {
+		// QRZ.com: one record per request (its logbook API has no batch upload),
+		// paced for the same reason as HRDLog above.
+		for i, id := range ids {
+			if i > 0 {
+				time.Sleep(manualUploadPace)
+			}
 			q, gerr := a.qso.GetByID(ctx, id)
 			call := ""
 			if gerr == nil {
 				call = q.Callsign
 			}
-			force := ""
-			if svc == extsvc.ServiceQRZ {
-				force = cfg.QRZ.ForceStationCallsign
-			}
-			rec, ok := a.buildUploadADIF(id, force)
+			// QRZ rewrites STATION_CALLSIGN to the registered call.
+			rec, ok := a.buildUploadADIF(id, cfg.QRZ.ForceStationCallsign)
 			if !ok {
 				emit(call + " — skipped (no record)")
 				continue
 			}
-			var res extsvc.UploadResult
-			var err error
-			switch svc {
-			case extsvc.ServiceQRZ:
-				res, err = extsvc.UploadQRZ(ctx, nil, cfg.QRZ.APIKey, rec)
-			case extsvc.ServiceHRDLog:
-				res, err = extsvc.UploadHRDLog(ctx, nil, cfg.HRDLog.Callsign, cfg.HRDLog.Code, rec)
-			case extsvc.ServiceEQSL:
-				res, err = extsvc.UploadEQSL(ctx, nil, cfg.EQSL.Username, cfg.EQSL.Password, cfg.EQSL.QTHNickname, rec)
-			default:
-				res, err = extsvc.UploadClublog(ctx, nil, cfg.Clublog, rec)
-			}
+			// Only QRZ reaches this branch: LoTW, Club Log, HRDLog and eQSL are
+			// all handled above, and UploadQSOsManual rejects anything else.
+			res, err := extsvc.UploadQRZ(ctx, nil, cfg.QRZ.APIKey, rec)
 			if err == nil && res.OK {
 				a.markExtUploaded(svc, id, "")
 				uploaded++
@@ -14853,6 +14999,13 @@ type StationDevice struct {
 	OffURLs []string `json:"off_urls,omitempty"`
 	OnPat   string   `json:"on_pattern,omitempty"` // fallback, {relay} substituted
 	OffPat  string   `json:"off_pattern,omitempty"`
+	// InsecureTLS accepts an HTTPS certificate that cannot be verified — which
+	// is the only kind a relay board on the LAN can present, having signed it
+	// itself. Off by default, because the other HTTPS case is the opposite one:
+	// a board reached from outside through a proxy with a real certificate,
+	// where verification is what stands between an antenna switch and the
+	// internet.
+	InsecureTLS bool `json:"insecure_tls,omitempty"`
 }

 // deviceRelayCount is the relay count for a configured device — fixed by type,
@@ -14913,7 +15066,7 @@ func buildDeviceDriver(d StationDevice) relaydev.Device {
 		// generic board fall through to the WebSwitch driver below: it answered
 		// the WebSwitch's own address, never sent one configured URL, and
 		// reported itself offline so every relay button stayed greyed out.
-		return relaydev.NewHTTPGeneric(d.OnURLs, d.OffURLs, d.OnPat, d.OffPat, d.User, d.Pass, deviceRelayCount(d), d.Labels)
+		return relaydev.NewHTTPGeneric(d.OnURLs, d.OffURLs, d.OnPat, d.OffPat, d.User, d.Pass, deviceRelayCount(d), d.Labels, d.InsecureTLS)
 	default:
 		return relaydev.NewWebswitch(d.Host)
 	}
@@ -14933,7 +15086,10 @@ func deviceKey(d StationDevice) string {
 			// The labels are part of the wire format here: {value} sends them.
 			// Renaming a relay re-addresses it, and the cached driver would keep
 			// commanding the old name.
-			"|" + strings.Join(d.Labels, "\x1f")
+			"|" + strings.Join(d.Labels, "\x1f") +
+			// Ticking the box has to rebuild the driver: the cached one holds the
+			// verifying client and would go on refusing the certificate.
+			fmt.Sprintf("|%t", d.InsecureTLS)
 	}
 	return k
 }
@@ -16653,13 +16809,55 @@ func (a *App) AmpOperate(id string, on bool) error {
 	// Fan out here rather than in the UI: the card and the docked widget both
 	// call this, and a coupling implemented in one of them would be missing from
 	// the other — which on a combiner means one amplifier keyed and one not.
-	var firstErr error
-	for _, tid := range a.ampTargets(id, a.GetLinkedAmps()) {
-		if err := a.ampOperateOne(tid, on); err != nil && firstErr == nil {
-			firstErr = err
+	return a.ampFanOut(a.ampTargets(id, a.GetLinkedAmps()), func(tid string) error {
+		return a.ampOperateOne(tid, on)
+	})
+}
+
+// ampFanOut runs one command against every amplifier AT THE SAME TIME.
+//
+// Sequentially, the second amplifier of a combined pair was commanded only once
+// the first had answered — and an SPE answers over its own link, in its own
+// time. The combiner heard power appear on one input before the other and
+// complained about it, on every OFF and every ON.
+//
+// So each target gets a goroutine, and they are all parked on the same channel
+// until every one of them is ready. Closing it releases them together: the
+// difference between "start one, then start the other" and "both leave at
+// once". They have separate clients and separate connections, so nothing
+// downstream re-serialises them.
+//
+// A single target — the ordinary case of one amplifier — runs inline. No
+// goroutine, no barrier, nothing to go wrong for the operators who have one amp.
+func (a *App) ampFanOut(targets []string, do func(id string) error) error {
+	if len(targets) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if len(targets) == 1 {
+		return do(targets[0])
+	}
+	errs := make([]error, len(targets))
+	start := make(chan struct{})
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for i, id := range targets {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int, id string) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			<-start
+			errs[i] = do(id)
+		}(i, id)
+	}
+	close(start)
+	wg.Wait()
+	// The amplifier the operator actually clicked is first, and its failure is
+	// the one worth reporting: "the amp I pressed did not respond" beats the
+	// same message about its silent partner.
+	for _, err := range errs {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
 	}
-	return firstErr
+	return nil
 }

 func (a *App) ampOperateOne(id string, on bool) error {
@@ -16687,15 +16885,11 @@ func (a *App) AmpPower(id string, on bool) (err error) {
 			applog.Printf("amp %s: power %v failed: %v", id, on, err)
 		}
 	}()
-	linked := a.GetLinkedAmps()
-	targets := a.ampTargets(id, linked)
-	var firstErr error
-	for _, tid := range targets {
-		if e := a.ampPowerOne(tid, on, len(targets) > 1); e != nil && firstErr == nil {
-			firstErr = e
-		}
-	}
-	return firstErr
+	targets := a.ampTargets(id, a.GetLinkedAmps())
+	multi := len(targets) > 1
+	return a.ampFanOut(targets, func(tid string) error {
+		return a.ampPowerOne(tid, on, multi)
+	})
 }

 func (a *App) ampPowerOne(id string, on, linked bool) error {
@@ -16725,12 +16919,31 @@ func (a *App) ampPowerOne(id string, on, linked bool) error {
 }

 // AmpPowerLevel selects the output power level — SPE only (L/M/H).
+//
+// Coupled like ON, OFF and OPERATE, which it was not: two combined amplifiers
+// left at different power levels feed the combiner unevenly, which is the thing
+// the coupling exists to prevent. It was simply the command nobody had linked.
+//
+// Running the pair concurrently matters more here than anywhere else. Setting a
+// level is not one command: an SPE has no "set level" at all, so the driver taps
+// the POWER key and waits for the amp to report the new level before tapping
+// again — up to three taps, up to two seconds each. One after the other, the two
+// amplifiers would sit at different levels for as long as six seconds.
 func (a *App) AmpPowerLevel(id, level string) error {
-	inst := a.ampInstByID(id)
-	if inst == nil || inst.spe == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("power level is an SPE feature")
-	}
-	return inst.spe.SetPowerLevel(level)
+	targets := a.ampTargets(id, a.GetLinkedAmps())
+	multi := len(targets) > 1
+	return a.ampFanOut(targets, func(tid string) error {
+		inst := a.ampInstByID(tid)
+		if inst == nil || inst.spe == nil {
+			// A PowerGenius sitting in the group has no L/M/H, and saying so
+			// would make a successful SPE pair look like a failure.
+			if multi {
+				return nil
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("power level is an SPE feature")
+		}
+		return inst.spe.SetPowerLevel(level)
+	})
 }

 // AmpFanMode sets the fan mode — PGXL only (STANDARD/CONTEST/BROADCAST).
@@ -17559,16 +17772,26 @@ func (a *App) SendClusterCommand(cmd string) error {
 	if cmd == "" {
 		return fmt.Errorf("empty command")
 	}
-	servers, err := a.listClusterServers()
+	srv, err := a.masterClusterServer()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	return a.cluster.SendCommand(srv.ID, cmd)
+}
+
+// masterClusterServer returns the master node — the first ENABLED server in
+// sort order, which is where commands and spots go.
+func (a *App) masterClusterServer() (cluster.ServerConfig, error) {
+	servers, err := a.listClusterServers()
+	if err != nil {
+		return cluster.ServerConfig{}, err
+	}
 	for _, s := range servers {
 		if s.Enabled {
-			return a.cluster.SendCommand(s.ID, cmd)
+			return s, nil
 		}
 	}
-	return fmt.Errorf("no enabled cluster server to send to")
+	return cluster.ServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("no enabled cluster server to send to")
 }

 // SendClusterSpot announces a DX spot on the **master** cluster (first
@@ -17590,8 +17813,26 @@ func (a *App) SendClusterSpot(call string, freqKHz float64, comment string) erro
 	if c := strings.TrimSpace(comment); c != "" {
 		cmd += " " + c
 	}
+	if a.cluster == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cluster not initialized")
+	}
+	srv, err := a.masterClusterServer()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	applog.Printf("cluster: send spot — freqKHz=%v → command %q", freqKHz, cmd)
-	return a.SendClusterCommand(cmd)
+	if err := a.cluster.SendCommand(srv.ID, cmd); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// Show it in OUR OWN spot list straight away. Most nodes never broadcast a
+	// spot back to the station that sent it, so the operator saw nothing appear
+	// and reported the spot as not sent — several times. It goes through the same
+	// queue as a spot off the wire, so it gets the same DXCC/POTA enrichment,
+	// alert evaluation and panadapter mirroring, and the UI de-dupes it against
+	// the node's echo when there is one.
+	sp := cluster.NewLocalSpot(srv, a.resolveClusterLogin(srv.LoginOverride), call, freqKHz, comment)
+	a.enqueueClusterEvent(clusterEvent{spot: &sp})
+	return nil
 }

 // GetClusterStatus returns a snapshot of every active session. Used by
@@ -18164,6 +18405,18 @@ func (r catShareRig) Split() (bool, int64) {
 	return true, st.FreqHz
 }

+// RxFreq is where we LISTEN. Only the TCI server asks for it: TCI's channel A
+// is the receive frequency and channel B the transmit one, the opposite way
+// round from RigState, and a client handed these two the wrong way about would
+// transmit on the DX's own frequency.
+func (r catShareRig) RxFreq() int64 {
+	st := r.a.cat.State()
+	if st.Split && st.RxFreqHz > 0 {
+		return st.RxFreqHz
+	}
+	return st.FreqHz
+}
+
 func (r catShareRig) SetFreq(hz int64) error { return r.a.cat.SetFrequency(hz) }
 func (r catShareRig) SetMode(m string) error { return r.a.cat.SetMode(m) }
 func (r catShareRig) SetPTT(on bool) error   { return r.a.cat.SetPTT(on) }
@@ -18178,17 +18431,35 @@ func (r catShareRig) SetSplit(on bool, txHz int64) error {

 // reloadCATShare starts, stops or restarts the sharing server to match the
 // settings. Called from reloadCAT so one "Save & Close" settles both.
+//
+// One server or the other, never both. rigctl and TCI are two ways of asking
+// the same radio the same questions; running both would only double the ways a
+// port clash or a confused client can go wrong, and no program speaks both.
 func (a *App) reloadCATShare(s CATSettings) {
 	want := s.Enabled && s.ShareEnabled
-	// Always tear down first: the port may have changed, and a listener bound to
-	// the old one would keep answering while the client is told to use the new.
+	// Always tear down first: the port — or the protocol — may have changed, and
+	// a listener bound to the old one would keep answering while the client is
+	// told to use the new.
 	if a.catShare != nil {
 		a.catShare.Stop()
 		a.catShare = nil
 	}
+	if a.catShareTCI != nil {
+		a.catShareTCI.Stop()
+		a.catShareTCI = nil
+	}
 	if !want {
 		return
 	}
+	if s.ShareProto == "tci" {
+		srv := tciserver.New(s.ShareTCIPort, catShareRig{a: a}, applog.Printf)
+		if err := srv.Start(); err != nil {
+			applog.Printf("cat share: %v", err)
+			return
+		}
+		a.catShareTCI = srv
+		return
+	}
 	srv := rigctld.New(s.SharePort, catShareRig{a: a}, applog.Printf)
 	if err := srv.Start(); err != nil {
 		// The usual cause is another rigctld — or a previous OpsLog — already on
@@ -1,4 +1,40 @@
 [
+  {
+    "version": "0.25.8",
+    "date": "",
+    "en": [
+      "An entity that is a single island group now fills the IOTA reference on its own — no callbook subscription needed.",
+      "CAT sharing can now speak TCI instead of Hamlib, split included, so a TCI-only program reaches whatever radio you are on.",
+      "Lookup cache: a TTL of 0 switches it off, so a callbook record you are correcting is re-read every time.",
+      "TCI radios: when the rig forbids transmitting, PTT says so instead of doing nothing silently.",
+      "WAJA carried Japan’s civil prefecture numbers instead of the JARL’s: 35 of the 47 references are renumbered.",
+      "Award references can be renumbered in the editor — the number was the one field it would not let you correct.",
+      "The compass fills the moment Station Control opens, instead of waiting out the rest of a polling interval.",
+      "Combined amplifiers: the power level (L/M/H) is coupled too, and both amps are commanded at once so the combiner stops beeping.",
+      "Generic HTTP relay: an https:// board can be accepted with its own self-signed certificate, per board.",
+      "Club Log: the on-close upload now goes out as one batch — sending hundreds of contacts one at a time got operators blocked.",
+      "eQSL: uploads go out in batches of 100 too, and QRZ.com and HRDLog — which have no batch upload — are spaced out instead.",
+      "A spot you send now shows in your own spot list — most nodes never echo it back, so it looked like nothing had gone out.",
+      "Icom with JTDX in Fake It split: a lost PTT acknowledgement is sent again instead of failing, which made JTDX drop the rig.",
+      "A cluster whose only greeting is “login:” and which then asks for a password now connects — both prompts were being missed."
+    ],
+    "fr": [
+      "Une entité qui est un seul groupe d’îles remplit désormais la référence IOTA toute seule, sans abonnement callbook.",
+      "Le partage CAT peut désormais parler TCI au lieu de Hamlib, split compris : un logiciel TCI atteint la radio, quelle qu’elle soit.",
+      "Cache des recherches : un TTL à 0 le désactive, pour relire à chaque fois une fiche callbook en cours de correction.",
+      "Radios TCI : quand la radio interdit l’émission, le PTT le dit au lieu de ne rien faire en silence.",
+      "WAJA portait les numéros civils des préfectures japonaises et non ceux de la JARL : 35 des 47 références sont renumérotées.",
+      "Les références d’un diplôme se renumérotent dans l’éditeur : le numéro était le seul champ qu’il refusait de corriger.",
+      "La boussole se remplit dès l’ouverture de Station Control, au lieu d’attendre la fin d’un intervalle d’interrogation.",
+      "Amplis combinés : le niveau de puissance (L/M/H) est couplé lui aussi, et les deux amplis sont commandés en même temps — fini le bip du combineur.",
+      "Relais HTTP générique : une carte en https:// peut être acceptée avec son certificat auto-signé, carte par carte.",
+      "Club Log : l’envoi à la fermeture part désormais en un lot — envoyer des centaines de contacts un par un faisait bloquer l’opérateur.",
+      "eQSL : les envois partent aussi par lots de 100, et QRZ.com et HRDLog — qui n’ont pas d’envoi groupé — sont espacés à la place.",
+      "Un spot que tu envoies apparaît maintenant dans ta liste : la plupart des nœuds ne le renvoient pas, il semblait n’être jamais parti.",
+      "Icom avec JTDX en split Fake It : un accusé de réception PTT perdu est renvoyé au lieu d’échouer — JTDX lâchait le poste.",
+      "Un cluster dont tout l’accueil est « login: » puis qui réclame un mot de passe se connecte : les deux invites étaient ignorées."
+    ]
+  },
  {
    "version": "0.25.7",
    "date": "",
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import { useI18n } from '@/lib/i18n';
 import {
  GetAwardDefs, SaveAwardDefs, ResetAwardDefs, AwardFields,
  GetAwardReferenceMeta, UpdateAwardReferenceList,
-  ListAwardReferences, SearchAwardReferences, SaveAwardReference, DeleteAwardReference,
+  ListAwardReferences, SearchAwardReferences, SaveAwardReference, DeleteAwardReference, RenameAwardReference,
  ImportAwardReferencesText, GetAwardPresets, ApplyAwardPreset,
  ListCountries, DXCCForCountry, DXCCName,
  PopulateBuiltinReferences, HasBuiltinReferences,
@@ -915,6 +915,10 @@ function ReferencesPanel({ code, presets, meta, awardValidFrom, awardValidTo, on
  const [refs, setRefs] = useState<AwardRef[]>([]);
  const [q, setQ] = useState('');
  const [selCode, setSelCode] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  // The code as TYPED. The list and every patch key off selCode, so editing the
+  // code in place would make the editor lose the reference mid-edit; the draft
+  // is applied as a rename when the operator saves.
+  const [codeDraft, setCodeDraft] = useState('');
  const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
  const [bulk, setBulk] = useState('');
  const [showBulk, setShowBulk] = useState(false);
@@ -952,6 +956,7 @@ function ReferencesPanel({ code, presets, meta, awardValidFrom, awardValidTo, on
  }

  const sel = refs.find((r) => r.code === selCode) || null;
+  useEffect(() => { setCodeDraft(selCode ?? ''); }, [selCode]);
  // Large lists are already filtered by the server; small lists filter locally.
  const filtered = useMemo(() => {
    if (large) return refs;
@@ -965,6 +970,27 @@ function ReferencesPanel({ code, presets, meta, awardValidFrom, awardValidTo, on
    try { await SaveAwardReference(code, r as any); load(); onChanged(); }
    catch (e: any) { setErr(String(e?.message ?? e)); }
  }
+  // Save the selected reference, renumbering it first when the code was edited.
+  //
+  // The rename has to come first and has to be a rename: saving under the new
+  // code would simply create a second reference and leave the old one behind,
+  // which is how a list quietly grows duplicates.
+  async function saveSelected(r: AwardRef) {
+    const next = codeDraft.trim().toUpperCase();
+    if (!next) { setErr(t('awed.refCodeEmpty')); return; }
+    if (next !== r.code) {
+      try {
+        await RenameAwardReference(code, r.code, next);
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        // Most often the number is already taken by another reference. Said
+        // here rather than swallowed: the save has NOT happened.
+        setErr(String(e?.message ?? e));
+        return;
+      }
+      setSelCode(next);
+    }
+    await saveRef({ ...r, code: next });
+  }
  async function addRef() {
    const c = prompt(t('awed.newRefCodePrompt'))?.trim().toUpperCase();
    if (!c) return;
@@ -1046,7 +1072,13 @@ function ReferencesPanel({ code, presets, meta, awardValidFrom, awardValidTo, on
          ) : (
            <div className="space-y-2">
              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                <Input className="h-8 w-28 font-mono font-semibold" value={sel.code} readOnly />
+                {/* Editable, because a shipped list can be wrong about it: WAJA
+                    went out carrying Japan's civil prefecture numbers instead of
+                    the JARL's, and correcting that meant deleting all 47
+                    references and importing a new list. */}
+                <Input className="h-8 w-28 font-mono font-semibold" value={codeDraft}
+                  title={t('awed.refCodeTip')}
+                  onChange={(e) => setCodeDraft(e.target.value)} />
                <label className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-xs cursor-pointer"><Checkbox checked={sel.valid} onCheckedChange={(c) => patchSel({ valid: !!c })} /> {t('awed.valid')}</label>
                <div className="flex-1" />
                <button className="text-muted-foreground hover:text-destructive" onClick={() => delRef(sel.code)}><Trash2 className="size-4" /></button>
@@ -1084,7 +1116,7 @@ function ReferencesPanel({ code, presets, meta, awardValidFrom, awardValidTo, on
                  ? t('awed.refValidHintAward', { from: openEnded(awardValidFrom), to: openEnded(awardValidTo) })
                  : t('awed.refValidHint')}
              </p>
-              <div className="flex justify-end pt-1"><Button size="sm" className="h-7" onClick={() => sel && saveRef(sel)}><Save className="size-3.5 mr-1" /> {t('awed.saveReference')}</Button></div>
+              <div className="flex justify-end pt-1"><Button size="sm" className="h-7" onClick={() => sel && saveSelected(sel)}><Save className="size-3.5 mr-1" /> {t('awed.saveReference')}</Button></div>
            </div>
          )}
        </div>
@@ -1403,7 +1403,7 @@ export function SettingsModal({ onClose, onSaved, initialSection, onMainPaneChan
    yaesu_port: '', yaesu_baud: 38400, yaesu_low_lines: false, kenwood_low_lines: false, kenwood_port: '', kenwood_baud: 9600, kenwood_host: '', kenwood_data_mode: 'usb', xiegu_port: '', xiegu_baud: 19200, xiegu_addr: 0x70, xiegu_ptt_line: '',
    icom_port: '', icom_baud: 115200, icom_addr: 0x98, icom_net_host: '', icom_net_user: '', icom_net_pass: '', icom_net_audio: false,
    tci_host: '', tci_port: 40001, tci_spots: false, poll_ms: 250, delay_ms: 0,
-    digital_default: 'FT8', share_enabled: false, share_port: 4532,
+    digital_default: 'FT8', share_enabled: false, share_port: 4532, share_proto: 'rigctl', share_tci_port: 40001,
    ptt_hotkey_enabled: false, ptt_hotkey: '', ptt_hotkey_toggle: false,
  });
  // While true, the next key press is captured as the PTT hotkey.
@@ -2368,6 +2368,11 @@ export function SettingsModal({ onClose, onSaved, initialSection, onMainPaneChan
  }

  function LookupPanel() {
+    // The cache lifetime as TYPED, so the box can be emptied and re-filled.
+    // Re-seeded when the settings arrive from the backend — which is after the
+    // first render, so it cannot simply be the initial value.
+    const [ttlText, setTtlText] = useState(String(lookup.cache_ttl_days));
+    useEffect(() => { setTtlText(String(lookup.cache_ttl_days)); }, [lookup.cache_ttl_days]);
    // Per-row provider editor — kept inline because it's only used twice
    // and needs closure access to the parent state.
    const row = (
@@ -2504,16 +2509,31 @@ export function SettingsModal({ onClose, onSaved, initialSection, onMainPaneChan
          <div className="flex gap-3 items-end">
            <div className="space-y-1 w-40">
              <Label>{t('lk.ttl')}</Label>
+              {/* Raw text, not the stored number. Deriving the value from the
+                  number on every keystroke made the box impossible to empty —
+                  and "0" itself unreachable, since parseInt('0') || 30 is 30.
+                  Zero is now a real setting, so it has to be typeable. */}
              <Input
-                type="number" min={1} max={3650}
-                value={lookup.cache_ttl_days}
-                onChange={(e) => setLookup((s) => ({ ...s, cache_ttl_days: parseInt(e.target.value) || 30 }))}
+                type="number" min={0} max={3650}
+                value={ttlText}
+                onChange={(e) => {
+                  const raw = e.target.value;
+                  setTtlText(raw);
+                  const n = parseInt(raw, 10);
+                  if (Number.isFinite(n) && n >= 0) {
+                    setLookup((s) => ({ ...s, cache_ttl_days: Math.min(n, 3650) }));
+                  }
+                }}
+                onBlur={() => setTtlText(String(lookup.cache_ttl_days))}
              />
            </div>
            <Button variant="outline" onClick={clearCache} disabled={clearing}>
              {clearing ? t('lk.clearing') : t('lk.clearCache')}
            </Button>
          </div>
+          {lookup.cache_ttl_days === 0 && (
+            <p className="text-[11px] text-warning mt-2">{t('lk.cacheOff')}</p>
+          )}
        </div>
      </>
    );
@@ -3149,15 +3169,47 @@ export function SettingsModal({ onClose, onSaved, initialSection, onMainPaneChan
            </label>
            <p className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">{t('cat.shareHint')}</p>
            {catCfg.share_enabled && (
-              <div className="space-y-1 max-w-[200px]">
-                <Label>{t('cat.sharePort')}</Label>
-                <PortInput
-                  value={catCfg.share_port || 4532}
-                  fallback={4532}
-                  onChange={(n) => setCatCfg((s) => ({ ...s, share_port: n }))}
-                />
+              <div className="flex flex-wrap items-end gap-4">
+                {/* One protocol or the other. They answer the same questions about
+                    the same radio, and no program speaks both — so this is a
+                    choice, not two switches. */}
+                <div className="space-y-1">
+                  <Label>{t('cat.shareProto')}</Label>
+                  <Select
+                    value={(catCfg as any).share_proto === 'tci' ? 'tci' : 'rigctl'}
+                    onValueChange={(v) => setCatCfg((s) => ({ ...s, share_proto: v } as any))}
+                  >
+                    <SelectTrigger className="h-8 w-[240px]"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
+                    <SelectContent>
+                      <SelectItem value="rigctl">{t('cat.shareRigctl')}</SelectItem>
+                      <SelectItem value="tci">{t('cat.shareTci')}</SelectItem>
+                    </SelectContent>
+                  </Select>
+                </div>
+                <div className="space-y-1 max-w-[200px]">
+                  <Label>{t('cat.sharePort')}</Label>
+                  {(catCfg as any).share_proto === 'tci' ? (
+                    <PortInput
+                      value={(catCfg as any).share_tci_port || 40001}
+                      fallback={40001}
+                      onChange={(n) => setCatCfg((s) => ({ ...s, share_tci_port: n } as any))}
+                    />
+                  ) : (
+                    <PortInput
+                      value={catCfg.share_port || 4532}
+                      fallback={4532}
+                      onChange={(n) => setCatCfg((s) => ({ ...s, share_port: n }))}
+                    />
+                  )}
+                </div>
              </div>
            )}
+            {catCfg.share_enabled && (catCfg as any).share_proto === 'tci' && catCfg.backend === 'tci' && (
+              // Both ends TCI: ExpertSDR is almost certainly already holding
+              // 40001 on this machine, and our server would fail to bind. Worth
+              // saying here rather than leaving it in the log.
+              <p className="text-[11px] text-warning">{t('cat.shareTciClash')}</p>
+            )}
          </div>
          {/* PTT hotkey — a keyboard key that keys the rig while OpsLog is focused.
              Uses the Audio → PTT method (CAT / RTS / DTR), falling back to CAT. */}
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { Plus, Pencil, Trash2, Power, PlugZap, Loader2, Check, X, Compass, Squar
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
+import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
 import { useI18n } from '@/lib/i18n';
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ type Device = {
  id: string; type: string; name: string; host: string;
  user?: string; pass?: string; channels?: number; labels: string[];
  // Generic HTTP board only. The per-relay URLs win over the patterns.
-  on_urls?: string[]; off_urls?: string[]; on_pattern?: string; off_pattern?: string;
+  on_urls?: string[]; off_urls?: string[]; on_pattern?: string; off_pattern?: string; insecure_tls?: boolean;
 };
 type Relay = { number: number; label: string; on: boolean };
 type DevStatus = { id: string; name: string; type: string; connected: boolean; error?: string; relays: Relay[] };
@@ -787,6 +788,12 @@ function DeviceEditor({ device, onChange, onSave, onCancel, t }: {
    && [...(device.on_urls ?? []), ...(device.off_urls ?? []), device.on_pattern ?? '', device.off_pattern ?? '']
      .some((s) => (s ?? '').includes('{value}'))
    && device.labels.some((l) => !l.trim());
+  // Any https:// among this board's URLs. A relay box on the LAN signs its own
+  // certificate, so HTTPS to one cannot be verified — the operator has to say
+  // whether to accept that, and the question only arises once they type https.
+  const usesHTTPS = isHTTPGen
+    && [...(device.on_urls ?? []), ...(device.off_urls ?? []), device.on_pattern ?? '', device.off_pattern ?? '']
+      .some((u) => (u ?? '').trim().toLowerCase().startsWith('https://'));
  // COM ports for the generic USB-serial relay picker.
  const [serialPorts, setSerialPorts] = useState<string[]>([]);
  useEffect(() => {
@@ -959,6 +966,19 @@ function DeviceEditor({ device, onChange, onSave, onCancel, t }: {
            </div>
          </div>
          <div className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">{t('station.patternHint')}</div>
+          {/* Shown only once an https:// URL is actually in use. A board on
+              plain HTTP has no certificate to argue about, and an option that
+              cannot matter yet is one more thing to wonder about. */}
+          {usesHTTPS && (
+            <label className="flex items-start gap-2 text-xs cursor-pointer">
+              <Checkbox className="mt-0.5" checked={!!device.insecure_tls}
+                onCheckedChange={(c) => onChange({ ...device, insecure_tls: !!c })} />
+              <span>
+                {t('station.insecureTls')}
+                <span className="block text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">{t('station.insecureTlsHint')}</span>
+              </span>
+            </label>
+          )}
          <div className="space-y-1">
            <Label>{t('station.perRelayUrls')}</Label>
            <div className="space-y-1">
@@ -36,6 +36,14 @@ let timer: number | undefined;
 let inFlight = false;
 let lastAz: number | null = null;
 let lastMoveAt = 0;
+// The last heading anyone received, replayed to whoever subscribes next.
+//
+// Without it, opening Station Control left the compass blank for one or two
+// seconds while every other panel filled at once. Nothing was slow: the status
+// bar already had the loop running with a tick pending, so a component mounting
+// halfway through an idle interval simply waited out the rest of it. The
+// heading was known the whole time — it just had nowhere to be read from.
+let last: RotorHeading | null = null;

 function schedule(delay: number) {
  if (timer !== undefined) window.clearTimeout(timer);
@@ -54,6 +62,7 @@ async function tick() {
      if (lastAz !== null && h.azimuth !== lastAz) lastMoveAt = Date.now();
      lastAz = h.azimuth;
    }
+    last = h;
    subs.forEach((fn) => { try { fn(h); } catch { /* a subscriber must not stop the loop */ } });
  } catch {
    // Leave the last heading alone: a single failed poll on a shared serial port
@@ -69,6 +78,12 @@ async function tick() {
 // unsubscribe. The loop stops when the last subscriber leaves.
 export function subscribeRotorHeading(fn: (h: RotorHeading) => void): () => void {
  subs.add(fn);
+  // Hand over what is already known, at once. An Alpha SPID poll is an open,
+  // a read at 600 baud and a close, so even an immediate one takes a moment —
+  // the cached heading is what makes the compass appear with the panel rather
+  // than after it. In a microtask, so a subscriber is never called back before
+  // subscribeRotorHeading has returned to it.
+  if (last) { const h = last; queueMicrotask(() => { if (subs.has(fn)) fn(h); }); }
  if (timer === undefined && !inFlight) void tick();
  return () => {
    subs.delete(fn);
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Single source of truth for the app version shown in the UI (header + About).
 // Bump this on a release (the release script updates it alongside telemetry.go).
-export const APP_VERSION = '0.25.7';
+export const APP_VERSION = '0.25.8';

 // Author / credits, shown in Help -> About.
 export const APP_AUTHOR = 'F4BPO';
@@ -861,6 +861,8 @@ export function ReloadUDPIntegrations():Promise<Array<string>>;

 export function RemovePassphrase(arg1:string):Promise<void>;

+export function RenameAwardReference(arg1:string,arg2:string,arg3:string):Promise<void>;
+
 export function RenameDatabase(arg1:string):Promise<void>;

 export function RenameLogbook(arg1:string):Promise<void>;
@@ -1662,6 +1662,10 @@ export function RemovePassphrase(arg1) {
  return window['go']['main']['App']['RemovePassphrase'](arg1);
 }

+export function RenameAwardReference(arg1, arg2, arg3) {
+  return window['go']['main']['App']['RenameAwardReference'](arg1, arg2, arg3);
+}
+
 export function RenameDatabase(arg1) {
  return window['go']['main']['App']['RenameDatabase'](arg1);
 }
@@ -2050,6 +2050,8 @@ export namespace main {
 	    digital_default: string;
 	    share_enabled: boolean;
 	    share_port: number;
+	    share_proto: string;
+	    share_tci_port: number;
 	    ptt_hotkey_enabled: boolean;
 	    ptt_hotkey: string;
 	    ptt_hotkey_toggle: boolean;
@@ -2096,6 +2098,8 @@ export namespace main {
 	        this.digital_default = source["digital_default"];
 	        this.share_enabled = source["share_enabled"];
 	        this.share_port = source["share_port"];
+	        this.share_proto = source["share_proto"];
+	        this.share_tci_port = source["share_tci_port"];
 	        this.ptt_hotkey_enabled = source["ptt_hotkey_enabled"];
 	        this.ptt_hotkey = source["ptt_hotkey"];
 	        this.ptt_hotkey_toggle = source["ptt_hotkey_toggle"];
@@ -3375,6 +3379,7 @@ export namespace main {
 	    off_urls?: string[];
 	    on_pattern?: string;
 	    off_pattern?: string;
+	    insecure_tls?: boolean;
 	
 	    static createFrom(source: any = {}) {
 	        return new StationDevice(source);
@@ -3394,6 +3399,7 @@ export namespace main {
 	        this.off_urls = source["off_urls"];
 	        this.on_pattern = source["on_pattern"];
 	        this.off_pattern = source["off_pattern"];
+	        this.insecure_tls = source["insecure_tls"];
 	    }
 	}
 	export class StationRelay {
@@ -46,11 +46,12 @@
          "qsl"
        ],
        "total": 0,
-        "builtin": true
+        "builtin": true,
+        "version": 2
      },
      "references": [
        {
-          "code": "1",
+          "code": "01",
          "name": "Hokkaido",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
@@ -58,16 +59,81 @@
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "10",
-          "name": "Gunma",
+          "code": "02",
+          "name": "Aomori",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
          "valid": true
        },
+        {
+          "code": "03",
+          "name": "Iwate",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "04",
+          "name": "Akita",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "05",
+          "name": "Yamagata",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "06",
+          "name": "Miyagi",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "07",
+          "name": "Fukushima",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "08",
+          "name": "Niigata",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "09",
+          "name": "Nagano",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "10",
+          "name": "Tokyo",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "pattern": "\\bTok[iy]o\\b",
+          "valid": true
+        },
        {
          "code": "11",
-          "name": "Saitama",
+          "name": "Kanagawa",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
@@ -83,16 +149,15 @@
        },
        {
          "code": "13",
-          "name": "Tokyo",
+          "name": "Saitama",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
-          "pattern": "\\bTok[iy]o\\b",
          "valid": true
        },
        {
          "code": "14",
-          "name": "Kanagawa",
+          "name": "Ibaraki",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
@@ -100,7 +165,7 @@
        },
        {
          "code": "15",
-          "name": "Niigata",
+          "name": "Tochigi",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
@@ -108,7 +173,7 @@
        },
        {
          "code": "16",
-          "name": "Toyama",
+          "name": "Gunma",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
@@ -116,22 +181,6 @@
        },
        {
          "code": "17",
-          "name": "Ishikawa",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "18",
-          "name": "Fukui",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "19",
          "name": "Yamanashi",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
@@ -139,31 +188,7 @@
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "2",
-          "name": "Aomori",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "20",
-          "name": "Nagano",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "21",
-          "name": "Gifu",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "22",
+          "code": "18",
          "name": "Shizuoka",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
@@ -171,7 +196,15 @@
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "23",
+          "code": "19",
+          "name": "Gifu",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "20",
          "name": "Aichi",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
@@ -179,7 +212,7 @@
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "24",
+          "code": "21",
          "name": "Mie",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
@@ -187,15 +220,7 @@
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "25",
-          "name": "Shiga",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "26",
+          "code": "22",
          "name": "Kyoto",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
@@ -203,23 +228,15 @@
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "27",
-          "name": "Osaka",
+          "code": "23",
+          "name": "Shiga",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "28",
-          "name": "Hyogo",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "29",
+          "code": "24",
          "name": "Nara",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
@@ -227,24 +244,56 @@
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "3",
-          "name": "Iwate",
+          "code": "25",
+          "name": "Osaka",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
          "valid": true
        },
        {
-          "code": "30",
+          "code": "26",
          "name": "Wakayama",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
          "valid": true
        },
+        {
+          "code": "27",
+          "name": "Hyogo",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "28",
+          "name": "Toyama",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "29",
+          "name": "Fukui",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "30",
+          "name": "Ishikawa",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
        {
          "code": "31",
-          "name": "Tottori",
+          "name": "Okayama",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
@@ -260,31 +309,31 @@
        },
        {
          "code": "33",
-          "name": "Okayama",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "34",
-          "name": "Hiroshima",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "35",
          "name": "Yamaguchi",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
          "valid": true
        },
+        {
+          "code": "34",
+          "name": "Tottori",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
+        {
+          "code": "35",
+          "name": "Hiroshima",
+          "dxcc": 0,
+          "group": "",
+          "subgrp": "",
+          "valid": true
+        },
        {
          "code": "36",
-          "name": "Tokushima",
+          "name": "Kagawa",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
@@ -292,7 +341,7 @@
        },
        {
          "code": "37",
-          "name": "Kagawa",
+          "name": "Tokushima",
          "dxcc": 0,
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
@@ -314,14 +363,6 @@
          "subgrp": "",
          "valid": true
        },
-        {
-          "code": "4",
-          "name": "Miyagi",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
        {
          "code": "40",
          "name": "Fukuoka",
@@ -385,48 +426,8 @@
          "group": "",
          "subgrp": "",
          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "5",
-          "name": "Akita",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "6",
-          "name": "Yamagata",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "7",
-          "name": "Fukushima",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "8",
-          "name": "Ibaraki",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
-        },
-        {
-          "code": "9",
-          "name": "Tochigi",
-          "dxcc": 0,
-          "group": "",
-          "subgrp": "",
-          "valid": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
-}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package award
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// WAJA is numbered by the JARL, and the numbering is NOT Japan's ordinary
+// prefecture code.
+//
+// The catalog shipped with the government's JIS numbering instead — 01
+// Hokkaido, 02 Aomori, 03 Iwate, 04 Miyagi… — which agrees with the JARL's for
+// the first three prefectures and then diverges for thirty-five of the
+// remaining forty-four. The names were right throughout, so the award still
+// counted the right contacts; every reference simply carried the wrong number,
+// which is what an operator sends to the JARL when they claim it.
+//
+// The two schemes agree often enough to look correct at a glance, so this pins
+// the places they differ rather than a count. Each pair below is one the old
+// list got wrong, and the comment is what the old list said.
+func TestCatalogWAJAUsesTheJARLNumbering(t *testing.T) {
+	raw, ok := CatalogRefs("WAJA")
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("WAJA has no reference list in the embedded catalog")
+	}
+	var refs []struct {
+		Code    string `json:"code"`
+		Name    string `json:"name"`
+		Pattern string `json:"pattern"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &refs); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("WAJA references: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(refs) != 47 {
+		t.Fatalf("WAJA has %d prefectures, want exactly 47", len(refs))
+	}
+
+	byName := map[string]string{}
+	byCode := map[string]string{}
+	for _, r := range refs {
+		byName[r.Name] = r.Code
+		if prev, dup := byCode[r.Code]; dup {
+			t.Errorf("number %s is on both %s and %s", r.Code, prev, r.Name)
+		}
+		byCode[r.Code] = r.Name
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range []struct{ name, code string }{
+		{"Hokkaido", "01"},  // the one both schemes agree on, and the anchor
+		{"Miyagi", "06"},    // was 04
+		{"Akita", "04"},     // was 05
+		{"Niigata", "08"},   // was 15 — the JIS number
+		{"Nagano", "09"},    // was 20
+		{"Tokyo", "10"},     // was 13, the JIS number everyone recognises
+		{"Kanagawa", "11"},  // was 14
+		{"Saitama", "13"},   // was 11
+		{"Ibaraki", "14"},   // was 8
+		{"Gunma", "16"},     // was 10
+		{"Yamanashi", "17"}, // was 19
+		{"Kyoto", "22"},     // was 26
+		{"Osaka", "25"},     // was 27
+		{"Toyama", "28"},    // was 16
+		{"Ishikawa", "30"},  // was 17
+		{"Okayama", "31"},   // was 33
+		{"Tottori", "34"},   // was 31
+		{"Kagawa", "36"},    // was 37
+		{"Tokushima", "37"}, // was 36
+		{"Okinawa", "47"},   // unchanged: the far end of the list was already right
+	} {
+		if got := byName[c.name]; got != c.code {
+			t.Errorf("%s is numbered %q, want %q on the JARL list", c.name, got, c.code)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Two digits throughout, as the JARL prints them. Not cosmetic: the codes
+	// are strings, so "1" sorts between "09" and "10" and the panel showed the
+	// prefectures in an order no list anywhere uses.
+	for _, r := range refs {
+		if len(r.Code) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("%s is numbered %q — the JARL list is two digits throughout", r.Name, r.Code)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// The Tokyo spelling rule has to sit on Tokyo, and Tokyo moved. Left behind
+	// on the old number it would be matching QTHs for Saitama.
+	for _, r := range refs {
+		if r.Pattern == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if r.Name != "Tokyo" {
+			t.Errorf("%s (%s) carries the pattern %q, which belongs to Tokyo", r.Name, r.Code, r.Pattern)
+		}
+	}
+	if byName["Tokyo"] != "" {
+		for _, r := range refs {
+			if r.Name == "Tokyo" && r.Pattern == "" {
+				t.Error("Tokyo lost its spelling pattern in the renumbering — Tokio would stop counting")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
@@ -266,6 +266,48 @@ func (r *Repo) Upsert(ctx context.Context, awardCode string, ref Ref) error {
 	return err
 }

+// Rename changes a reference's CODE, keeping everything else about it.
+//
+// Wanted because a shipped list can simply be wrong: WAJA went out numbered by
+// the Japanese state instead of by the JARL, and the only way to correct it was
+// to delete all 47 references and import a new list — losing anything the
+// operator had adjusted. The number is the one field an editor could not touch.
+//
+// A rename, not a delete plus an insert: everything the reference carries — its
+// pattern, its DXCC list, its validity window — travels with it, which is the
+// whole point of correcting a number rather than replacing an entry.
+func (r *Repo) Rename(ctx context.Context, awardCode, oldCode, newCode string) error {
+	ac := strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(awardCode))
+	from := strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(oldCode))
+	to := strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(newCode))
+	if ac == "" || from == "" || to == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("empty award or reference code")
+	}
+	if from == to {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// A collision would REPLACE the other reference and take its name, pattern
+	// and dates with it — one silently swallowing another, discovered much later
+	// as a reference that has quietly gone missing.
+	var n int
+	if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM award_references WHERE award_code = ? AND ref_code = ?`, ac, to).Scan(&n); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if n > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s already has a reference %s", ac, to)
+	}
+	res, err := r.db.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`UPDATE award_references SET ref_code = ? WHERE award_code = ? AND ref_code = ?`, to, ac, from)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if rows, _ := res.RowsAffected(); rows == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s has no reference %s", ac, from)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Delete removes one reference from an award.
 func (r *Repo) Delete(ctx context.Context, awardCode, refCode string) error {
 	_, err := r.db.ExecContext(ctx,
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+package awardref
+
+// One-IOTA DXCC entities: a table of the entities that ARE a single IOTA group.
+//
+// WHY IT EXISTS. QRZ.com carries <iota> for an operator who fills it in, and
+// most do not. But for a great many entities the island reference follows from
+// the entity alone — a station in Ascension Island is on AF-003, there is
+// nothing else it could be — and the entity is known for every callsign, from
+// cty.dat, without any callbook at all. So the reference can be filled for an
+// operator with no QRZ subscription, on a station that has never touched a
+// callbook, before the contact is logged.
+//
+// Only entities that map to EXACTLY ONE reference are here. France is not: a
+// French station is usually on the mainland and on no island at all, and
+// guessing would put a reference on hundreds of contacts that earn none.
+//
+// SOURCE: dxcc_matches_one_iota.json from the IOTA programme
+// (www.iota-world.org/islands-on-the-air/downloads/), fetched 2026-08-17,
+// 99 entities. It changes only when an entity appears or IOTA re-maps one, so
+// it is a table here rather than a download: it then works offline, which is
+// where a portable station usually is. To refresh, fetch that file again and
+// re-emit this map, sorted by entity number.
+//
+// Entity names are comments only, joined from internal/dxcc for readability.
+var iotaByDXCC = map[int]string{
+	5:   "EU-002", // Aland Islands
+	10:  "AF-002", // Amsterdam & St. Paul Is.
+	12:  "NA-022", // Anguilla
+	17:  "NA-020", // Aves Island
+	20:  "OC-089", // Baker & Howland Islands
+	21:  "EU-004", // Balearic Islands
+	24:  "AN-002", // Bouvet
+	29:  "AF-004", // Canary Islands
+	34:  "OC-038", // Chatham Islands
+	35:  "OC-002", // Christmas Island
+	36:  "NA-011", // Clipperton Island
+	37:  "NA-012", // Cocos Island
+	38:  "OC-003", // Cocos (Keeling) Islands
+	41:  "AF-008", // Crozet Island
+	43:  "NA-095", // Desecheo Island
+	45:  "EU-001", // Dodecanese
+	62:  "NA-021", // Barbados
+	64:  "NA-005", // Bermuda
+	65:  "NA-023", // British Virgin Islands
+	69:  "NA-016", // Cayman Islands
+	71:  "SA-004", // Galapagos Islands
+	82:  "NA-097", // Jamaica
+	84:  "NA-107", // Martinique
+	91:  "SA-036", // Aruba
+	94:  "NA-100", // Antigua & Barbuda
+	95:  "NA-101", // Dominica
+	96:  "NA-103", // Montserrat
+	97:  "NA-108", // St. Lucia
+	99:  "AF-011", // Glorioso Islands
+	103: "OC-026", // Guam
+	105: "NA-015", // Guantanamo Bay
+	106: "EU-114", // Guernsey
+	111: "AN-003", // Heard Island
+	114: "EU-116", // Isle Of Man
+	118: "EU-022", // Jan Mayen
+	123: "OC-023", // Johnston Island
+	131: "AF-048", // Kerguelen Islands
+	133: "OC-039", // Kermadec Islands
+	138: "OC-020", // Kure Island
+	141: "SA-002", // Falkland Islands
+	147: "OC-004", // Lord Howe Island
+	153: "AN-005", // Macquarie Island
+	157: "OC-031", // Nauru
+	159: "AS-013", // Maldives
+	161: "SA-007", // Malpelo Island
+	165: "AF-049", // Mauritius
+	166: "OC-086", // Mariana Islands
+	167: "EU-053", // Market Reef
+	169: "AF-027", // Mayotte
+	171: "OC-072", // Mellish Reef
+	174: "OC-030", // Midway Island
+	177: "OC-073", // Minami Torishima
+	182: "NA-098", // Navassa Island
+	188: "OC-040", // Niue
+	189: "OC-005", // Norfolk Island
+	190: "OC-097", // Samoa
+	195: "AF-039", // Annobon Island
+	199: "AN-004", // Peter 1 Island
+	201: "AF-021", // Pr. Edward & Marion Is.
+	205: "AF-003", // Ascension Island
+	207: "AF-017", // Rodriguez Island
+	211: "NA-063", // Sable Island
+	217: "SA-013", // San Felix & San Ambrosio
+	222: "EU-018", // Faroe Islands
+	238: "AN-008", // South Orkney Islands
+	240: "AN-009", // South Sandwich Islands
+	241: "AN-010", // South Shetland Islands
+	247: "AS-051", // Spratly Islands
+	249: "NA-104", // St. Kitts & Nevis
+	250: "AF-022", // St. Helena
+	252: "NA-094", // St. Paul Island
+	253: "SA-014", // St. Peter & St. Paul
+	257: "EU-023", // Malta
+	270: "OC-048", // Tokelau Islands
+	273: "SA-010", // Trindade & Martim Vaz
+	276: "AF-031", // Tromelin Island
+	277: "NA-032", // St. Pierre & Miquelon
+	282: "OC-015", // Tuvalu
+	283: "AS-004", // Uk Base Areas On Cyprus
+	285: "NA-106", // Us Virgin Islands
+	297: "OC-053", // Wake Island
+	301: "OC-017", // Western Kiribati
+	303: "OC-007", // Willis Island
+	381: "AS-019", // Singapore
+	411: "AF-007", // Comoros
+	453: "AF-016", // Reunion Island
+	460: "OC-060", // Rotuma Island
+	489: "OC-112", // Conway Reef
+	490: "OC-018", // Banaba Island
+	505: "AS-110", // Pratas Island
+	506: "AS-116", // Scarborough Reef
+	509: "OC-027", // Marquesas Islands
+	512: "OC-176", // Chesterfield Islands
+	513: "OC-182", // Ducie Island
+	515: "OC-200", // Swains Island
+	516: "NA-146", // St. Barthelemy
+	517: "SA-099", // Curacao
+	519: "NA-145", // Saba & St. Eustatius
+	520: "SA-006", // Bonaire
+}
+
+// IOTAForDXCC returns the island reference of a DXCC entity that is a single
+// IOTA group, or "" for an entity that holds several islands or none.
+func IOTAForDXCC(dxcc int) string { return iotaByDXCC[dxcc] }
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package awardref
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// The entities an operator meets: an island group that is its own DXCC, and a
+// mainland country that is not.
+func TestIOTAForDXCC(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		dxcc int
+		want string
+		why  string
+	}{
+		{205, "AF-003", "Ascension Island is one island and one reference"},
+		{5, "EU-002", "Aland Islands"},
+		{12, "NA-022", "Anguilla"},
+		{24, "AN-002", "Bouvet — the entity whose entry is checked most often and worked least"},
+		// France holds hundreds of islands and, far more to the point, a
+		// mainland. Filling a reference here would earn nothing and would put
+		// one on nearly every European contact in the log.
+		{227, "", "France is not one IOTA"},
+		{291, "", "the United States is not one IOTA"},
+		{0, "", "no entity resolved"},
+		{99999, "", "not an entity at all"},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := IOTAForDXCC(c.dxcc); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("IOTAForDXCC(%d) = %q, want %q — %s", c.dxcc, got, c.want, c.why)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Every reference in the table must be a well-formed IOTA reference, because
+// one that is not would be written onto a contact's award references and count
+// for nothing — and would then have to be found by hand, one QSO at a time.
+func TestEveryOneIOTAEntryIsWellFormed(t *testing.T) {
+	ref := regexp.MustCompile(`^(AF|AN|AS|EU|NA|OC|SA)-\d{3}$`)
+	if len(iotaByDXCC) < 50 {
+		t.Fatalf("the table holds %d entities — it has been truncated", len(iotaByDXCC))
+	}
+	for dxcc, r := range iotaByDXCC {
+		if dxcc <= 0 {
+			t.Errorf("entity number %d is not a DXCC entity", dxcc)
+		}
+		if !ref.MatchString(r) {
+			t.Errorf("entity %d maps to %q, which is not an IOTA reference", dxcc, r)
+		}
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package awardref
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"hamlog/internal/db"
+)
+
+func renameRepo(t *testing.T) *Repo {
+	t.Helper()
+	conn, err := db.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "a.db"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { conn.Close() })
+	return NewRepo(conn)
+}
+
+// Correcting a reference's number must keep the reference.
+//
+// WAJA shipped numbered by the Japanese state instead of by the JARL, and until
+// now the only way to fix that was to delete all 47 references and import a new
+// list — losing anything the operator had adjusted. A rename keeps the pattern,
+// the entity list and the validity window, because a wrong NUMBER is all that
+// was wrong.
+func TestRenameKeepsEverythingButTheCode(t *testing.T) {
+	r := renameRepo(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	if err := r.Upsert(ctx, "WAJA", Ref{
+		Code: "13", Name: "Tokyo", Pattern: `\bTok[iy]o\b`, Valid: true,
+		DXCCList: []int{339}, ValidFrom: "1970-01-01",
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.Rename(ctx, "WAJA", "13", "10"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("rename: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	refs, err := r.List(ctx, "WAJA")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("list: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(refs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("WAJA holds %d references after a rename, want 1 — it was copied, not renamed", len(refs))
+	}
+	got := refs[0]
+	if got.Code != "10" {
+		t.Errorf("code = %q, want 10", got.Code)
+	}
+	if got.Name != "Tokyo" || got.Pattern != `\bTok[iy]o\b` {
+		t.Errorf("the reference lost what it carried: name=%q pattern=%q", got.Name, got.Pattern)
+	}
+	if len(got.DXCCList) != 1 || got.DXCCList[0] != 339 || got.ValidFrom != "1970-01-01" {
+		t.Errorf("the reference lost its entity list or dates: %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// A number already in use must be refused. Left to REPLACE, the rename would
+// take the other reference's name, pattern and dates with it — one entry
+// silently swallowing another, found much later as a prefecture that has
+// quietly gone missing from the list.
+func TestRenameRefusesANumberAlreadyTaken(t *testing.T) {
+	r := renameRepo(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	if err := r.Upsert(ctx, "WAJA", Ref{Code: "10", Name: "Gunma", Valid: true}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := r.Upsert(ctx, "WAJA", Ref{Code: "13", Name: "Tokyo", Valid: true}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.Rename(ctx, "WAJA", "13", "10"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("renaming onto an existing number was accepted — one reference would have eaten the other")
+	}
+	refs, _ := r.List(ctx, "WAJA")
+	if len(refs) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("WAJA holds %d references, want both still there", len(refs))
+	}
+}
+
+// Renaming something that is not there is an error, not a silent no-op: it
+// means the editor and the store disagree about what the award holds.
+func TestRenameAnUnknownReferenceFails(t *testing.T) {
+	r := renameRepo(t)
+	if err := r.Rename(context.Background(), "WAJA", "99", "10"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("renaming a reference the award does not have was accepted")
+	}
+}
+
+// Codes are stored upper-cased, so a rename must compare the same way — else
+// "eu-048" onto "EU-048" looks like a move and is really the same reference,
+// which the collision check has to catch.
+func TestRenameIsCaseInsensitive(t *testing.T) {
+	r := renameRepo(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	if err := r.Upsert(ctx, "IOTA", Ref{Code: "EU-048", Name: "Belle-Ile", Valid: true}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := r.Rename(ctx, "iota", "eu-048", "eu-048"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("renaming a reference to itself in another case failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := r.Rename(ctx, "IOTA", "eu-048", "eu-049"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("rename: %v", err)
+	}
+	refs, _ := r.List(ctx, "IOTA")
+	if len(refs) != 1 || refs[0].Code != "EU-049" {
+		t.Errorf("references = %+v, want the one renamed to EU-049 and upper-cased", refs)
+	}
+}
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package cat

 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -535,11 +536,36 @@ func (b *IcomSerial) SetMode(mode string) error {
 	return nil
 }

+// errIcomAckLost is "the reply never came" — as opposed to a reply that said no
+// (NG) or a dead port. Only this one is worth repeating: the command may well
+// have been carried out and only its acknowledgement lost. Sentinel rather than
+// a formatted string so callers can tell the two apart.
+var errIcomAckLost = errors.New("icom: timeout waiting for response")
+
+// SetPTT keys or unkeys the transmitter (CI-V 0x1C 0x00), retrying ONCE when the
+// acknowledgement is lost.
+//
+// A missing FB is not a missing command — the rig acts on the frame as soon as it
+// decodes it, and what expires is our wait for the answer on a bus shared with
+// the rig's own transceive updates. JTDX in "Split Operating: Fake It" moves the
+// dial immediately before every key-down, so the PTT ack queues behind that
+// traffic, and one lost ack was fatal: rigctld answered RPRT -9, JTDX read that
+// as losing rig control and tore the connection down mid-over, reopening it a
+// moment later (an operator's log shows exactly that, twice, a new rigctld client
+// within 300 ms of each failure). The same session over TCI never failed, because
+// TCI carries no CI-V and needs no Fake It.
+//
+// Re-sending is safe: asking for a state the rig is already in changes nothing.
 func (b *IcomSerial) SetPTT(on bool) error {
 	state := byte(0)
 	if on {
 		state = 1
 	}
+	err := b.exec(civ.CmdPTT, civ.SubPTT, state)
+	if err == nil || !errors.Is(err, errIcomAckLost) {
+		return err
+	}
+	applog.Printf("icom: PTT %v — no acknowledgement in %s, sending it once more", on, icomCmdTimeout)
 	return b.exec(civ.CmdPTT, civ.SubPTT, state)
 }

@@ -619,7 +645,7 @@ func (b *IcomSerial) recv(timeout time.Duration, match func(civ.Decoded) bool) (
 		case <-cancel:
 			return civ.Decoded{}, fmt.Errorf("icom: interrupted")
 		case <-deadline:
-			return civ.Decoded{}, fmt.Errorf("icom: timeout waiting for response")
+			return civ.Decoded{}, errIcomAckLost
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -46,6 +46,18 @@ type TCI struct {
 	mode   string
 	split  bool
 	tx     bool
+	// txAllowed is what the radio last said about TRANSMIT PERMISSION.
+	//
+	// TX_ENABLE is sent by ExpertSDR when a client connects and again whenever
+	// the band changes, "in case transmitter permission was changed" (§4.3). When
+	// it is false the radio silently ignores TRX — which is exactly what an
+	// operator sees as "PTT does nothing", with no error anywhere to explain it.
+	//
+	// txAllowedKnown keeps an OLDER ExpertSDR, or a TCI-compatible program that
+	// never sends TX_ENABLE at all, from being treated as refusing: without a
+	// word from the radio we key and let it decide.
+	txAllowed      bool
+	txAllowedKnown bool

 	lastSig string // last logged state signature (log only on change)

@@ -109,6 +121,10 @@ func (t *TCI) Connect() error {
 	t.mu.Lock()
 	t.conn = conn
 	t.ready = false
+	// Forget the previous session's transmit permission: the radio announces it
+	// again on connect, and a refusal remembered from a band we have since left
+	// would block PTT until it did.
+	t.txAllowed, t.txAllowedKnown = false, false
 	t.mu.Unlock()
 	debugLog.Printf("TCI: connected to %s", url)
 	go t.reader(conn)
@@ -298,7 +314,22 @@ func (t *TCI) SetMode(mode string) error {
 }

 // SetPTT keys or unkeys the transmitter (VFO 0).
+//
+// A refusal by the radio is reported rather than swallowed. ExpertSDR announces
+// transmit permission with TX_ENABLE and then simply IGNORES trx when it is
+// false — out-of-band frequency, TX disabled in the program, no PA. The command
+// went out, nothing happened, and nothing anywhere said why. Now the operator
+// is told, and the message names the place to look.
 func (t *TCI) SetPTT(on bool) error {
+	if on {
+		t.mu.Lock()
+		known, allowed := t.txAllowedKnown, t.txAllowed
+		t.mu.Unlock()
+		if known && !allowed {
+			return fmt.Errorf("the radio is refusing to transmit (TCI reports TX disabled) — " +
+				"check the frequency is inside a transmit band and that TX is enabled in ExpertSDR")
+		}
+	}
 	return t.send(fmt.Sprintf("trx:0,%t;", on))
 }

@@ -392,6 +423,14 @@ func (t *TCI) handle(msg string) {
 		if get(0) == "0" {
 			t.tx = get(1) == "true"
 		}
+	case "tx_enable":
+		if get(0) == "0" {
+			allowed := get(1) == "true"
+			if !t.txAllowedKnown || t.txAllowed != allowed {
+				debugLog.Printf("TCI: the radio %s transmitting", map[bool]string{true: "allows", false: "REFUSES"}[allowed])
+			}
+			t.txAllowed, t.txAllowedKnown = allowed, true
+		}
 	default:
 		lname := strings.ToLower(name)
 		// A click on one of our panorama spots comes back as
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+//go:build windows
+
+package cat
+
+import "testing"
+
+// feed pushes messages at the backend the way the radio would.
+func feed(t *TCI, msgs ...string) {
+	for _, m := range msgs {
+		t.handle(m)
+	}
+}
+
+// "PTT via CAT does nothing on TCI."
+//
+// ExpertSDR announces transmit permission with TX_ENABLE — on connect, and
+// again whenever the band changes "in case transmitter permission was changed"
+// (§4.3 of the protocol document). When it is false the radio simply IGNORES
+// trx. OpsLog sent the documented command, the radio discarded it, and nothing
+// anywhere said why: the operator pressed a dead key.
+func TestPTTIsRefusedOutLoudWhenTheRadioForbidsTransmitting(t *testing.T) {
+	tci := NewTCI("localhost", 40001, "FT8", false)
+	feed(tci, "tx_enable:0,false")
+
+	err := tci.SetPTT(true)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("keying was accepted while the radio forbids transmitting — the operator gets no reason at all")
+	}
+	// The message has to name where to look; "PTT failed" sends nobody anywhere.
+	for _, want := range []string{"transmit", "ExpertSDR"} {
+		if !contains(err.Error(), want) {
+			t.Errorf("the refusal reads %q, which does not mention %q", err.Error(), want)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Unkeying is never blocked. Whatever the radio thinks about permission, a
+	// request to STOP transmitting must always reach it.
+	if err := tci.SetPTT(false); err != nil && contains(err.Error(), "refusing") {
+		t.Errorf("unkeying was refused: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// Permission comes back when the operator returns to a band they may use, and
+// PTT has to come back with it — not stay blocked until OpsLog is restarted.
+func TestPermissionGrantedAgainRestoresPTT(t *testing.T) {
+	tci := NewTCI("localhost", 40001, "FT8", false)
+	feed(tci, "tx_enable:0,false")
+	if err := tci.SetPTT(true); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("keying was accepted while forbidden")
+	}
+	feed(tci, "tx_enable:0,true")
+	// No connection here, so the send fails — but it must fail as a TRANSPORT
+	// error, never as a refusal.
+	if err := tci.SetPTT(true); err != nil && contains(err.Error(), "refusing") {
+		t.Errorf("still refusing after permission was granted: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// A radio that never mentions TX_ENABLE — an older ExpertSDR, or one of the
+// other programs that speak TCI — must not be treated as refusing. Silence is
+// not a "no": we key, and let the radio decide.
+func TestSilenceAboutPermissionIsNotARefusal(t *testing.T) {
+	tci := NewTCI("localhost", 40001, "FT8", false)
+	if err := tci.SetPTT(true); err != nil && contains(err.Error(), "refusing") {
+		t.Errorf("a radio that never sent TX_ENABLE was treated as forbidding transmit: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func contains(s, sub string) bool {
+	return len(sub) == 0 || (len(s) >= len(sub) && indexOf(s, sub) >= 0)
+}
+
+func indexOf(s, sub string) int {
+	for i := 0; i+len(sub) <= len(s); i++ {
+		if s[i:i+len(sub)] == sub {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return -1
+}
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

 	"hamlog/internal/applog"
@@ -355,6 +356,18 @@ func (s *session) run() {
 // that gets skipped.
 var idleTick = 30 * time.Second

+// promptTick is the read deadline used until the login handshake is finished.
+// Short, because a node's "login:" / "password:" carries no newline and is only
+// visible when the read times out — see the read loop. It costs a few wake-ups
+// during the first seconds of a connection and nothing afterwards.
+const promptTick = 700 * time.Millisecond
+
+// handshakeWindow bounds how long the fast promptTick applies. A node that has
+// a password configured but never asks for one would otherwise keep the loop
+// waking every 700 ms for the life of the connection, for a prompt that is never
+// coming. Any real login exchange is over in a second or two.
+const handshakeWindow = 20 * time.Second
+
 // quietNotice is the silence after which the log says so, once.
 const quietNotice = 10 * time.Minute

@@ -398,16 +411,37 @@ func (s *session) runOnce() (time.Time, error) {

 	// Login: send on first prompt OR blindly after 1.5s. Many DXSpider
 	// nodes accept the callsign without re-prompting.
-	loginSent := false
+	//
+	// Atomic because the blind-login timer below and the read loop both touch
+	// these. loginSent used to be a plain bool that the timer NEVER SET: the
+	// callsign went out and nothing recorded it, so the password branch — gated on
+	// loginSent — was dead code, and the session could only reach "connected" by
+	// recognising a welcome banner. On a node whose entire greeting is a bare
+	// "login:" and which then demands a password (f5mzn.org:9000), that left the
+	// server stuck at "connecting" for ever while telnet logged in by hand fine.
+	var loginSent, pwdSent atomic.Bool
+	// CompareAndSwap, not a plain store: the timer and the loop can reach these at
+	// the same moment, and the callsign must be written exactly once.
+	sendLogin := func() {
+		if s.login != "" && loginSent.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
+			_, _ = conn.Write([]byte(s.login + "\r\n"))
+		}
+	}
+	// Sent ONCE per connection. A node that re-prompts is refusing the password,
+	// and answering with the same one again only loops — better to let the
+	// refusal show in the console than to hide it behind a retry.
+	sendPassword := func() {
+		if s.cfg.Password != "" && loginSent.Load() && pwdSent.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
+			_, _ = conn.Write([]byte(s.cfg.Password + "\r\n"))
+		}
+	}
 	if s.login != "" {
 		go func() {
 			select {
 			case <-s.stopCh:
 				return
 			case <-time.After(1500 * time.Millisecond):
-				if !loginSent {
-					_, _ = conn.Write([]byte(s.login + "\r\n"))
-				}
+				sendLogin()
 			}
 		}()
 	}
@@ -453,7 +487,21 @@ func (s *session) runOnce() (time.Time, error) {

 	var connectedAt time.Time
 	var quiet time.Duration // how long the node has said nothing
+	var quietNoticed bool   // the long-silence line is said once
 	var pending string      // a line cut in half by a read deadline
+	markConnected := func() {
+		if s.snapshot().State == StateConnected {
+			return
+		}
+		connectedAt = time.Now()
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		s.status.State = StateConnected
+		s.status.ConnectedAt = connectedAt
+		s.status.Error = ""
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		s.emitStatus()
+		fireInitCommands()
+	}
 	rd := bufio.NewReader(conn)
 	for {
 		select {
@@ -471,7 +519,21 @@ func (s *session) runOnce() (time.Time, error) {
 		// Only a REAL error ends the session. A dead peer still gets caught:
 		// TCP keepalive probes an idle connection and its failure arrives here
 		// as an error, not as a timeout.
-		_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(idleTick))
+		// SHORT deadline until the handshake is done, the long idle tick after.
+		//
+		// A cluster writes its prompts WITHOUT a trailing newline, and ReadString
+		// only returns on one — so a prompt is never a "line" at all, it is whatever
+		// is sitting in the buffer when the read deadline expires. At the ordinary
+		// 30 s tick that made a bare "login:" invisible for half a minute and a
+		// following "password:" invisible for another, which is long enough for the
+		// node to give up on us. Only the handshake needs the fast tick; once logged
+		// in, a long deadline is exactly what we want (see idleTick).
+		tick := idleTick
+		if time.Since(linkUpAt) < handshakeWindow &&
+			(!loginSent.Load() || (s.cfg.Password != "" && !pwdSent.Load())) {
+			tick = promptTick
+		}
+		_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(tick))
 		chunk, err := rd.ReadString('\n')
 		if err != nil {
 			var ne net.Error
@@ -480,16 +542,48 @@ func (s *session) runOnce() (time.Time, error) {
 				// Keep it: a spot line straddling the deadline would otherwise lose
 				// its first half and arrive as nonsense, or vanish entirely.
 				pending += chunk
-				quiet += idleTick
+				// …but a newline-less PROMPT is not half a line, it is a question,
+				// and this is the only place it can ever be seen. Answer it, show it
+				// in the console (an operator watching a stuck server has a right to
+				// see what the node actually asked), and drop it so it is not glued
+				// onto the front of the next real line.
+				if p := strings.TrimSpace(pending); p != "" {
+					switch {
+					case !loginSent.Load() && s.login != "" && isLoginPrompt(p):
+						s.emitLine(p, false)
+						pending = ""
+						sendLogin()
+						if s.cfg.Password == "" {
+							markConnected()
+						}
+						continue
+					case !pwdSent.Load() && isPasswordPrompt(p):
+						s.emitLine(p, false)
+						pending = ""
+						if s.cfg.Password == "" {
+							// Nothing to answer with. Shown in the console rather than
+							// swallowed: an unanswered "password:" sitting there IS the
+							// explanation for a server that never finishes connecting,
+							// and it is something the operator can act on.
+							continue
+						}
+						sendPassword()
+						markConnected()
+						continue
+					}
+				}
+				quiet += tick
 				// Said once at the first long silence, so a genuinely mute node is
 				// visible without a line every tick.
-				if quiet == quietNotice {
+				if !quietNoticed && quiet >= quietNotice {
+					quietNoticed = true
 					applog.Printf("cluster[%s] no traffic for %s — still connected", s.cfg.Name, quiet)
 				}
 				continue
 			}
 			return connectedAt, fmt.Errorf("read: %w", err)
 		}
+		quietNoticed = false
 		quiet = 0
 		line := pending + chunk
 		pending = ""
@@ -519,28 +613,23 @@ func (s *session) runOnce() (time.Time, error) {
 			}
 		}

-		// Login on explicit prompt.
-		if !loginSent && s.login != "" && isLoginPrompt(line) {
-			_, _ = conn.Write([]byte(s.login + "\r\n"))
-			loginSent = true
+		// Login on explicit prompt — the case where the node DID terminate it with
+		// a newline. The newline-less form is handled on the timeout path above.
+		if !loginSent.Load() && s.login != "" && isLoginPrompt(line) {
+			s.emitLine(line, false)
+			sendLogin()
 			continue
 		}
-		// Password on prompt (rare).
-		if loginSent && s.cfg.Password != "" && isPasswordPrompt(line) {
-			_, _ = conn.Write([]byte(s.cfg.Password + "\r\n"))
+		// Password on prompt.
+		if !pwdSent.Load() && isPasswordPrompt(line) {
+			s.emitLine(line, false)
+			sendPassword()
 			continue
 		}

 		// Mark connected once we've sent login OR seen a welcome banner.
-		if s.snapshot().State != StateConnected && (loginSent || isWelcome(line)) {
-			connectedAt = time.Now()
-			s.mu.Lock()
-			s.status.State = StateConnected
-			s.status.ConnectedAt = connectedAt
-			s.status.Error = ""
-			s.mu.Unlock()
-			s.emitStatus()
-			fireInitCommands()
+		if loginSent.Load() || isWelcome(line) {
+			markConnected()
 		}

 		// EVERY line goes to the console — spot or not. This is the whole point:
@@ -701,6 +790,38 @@ func parseSpot(line string) (Spot, bool) {
 	}, true
 }

+// NewLocalSpot builds the Spot for a DX announcement WE just sent, so it lands
+// in the operator's own list at once.
+//
+// A node does not necessarily broadcast a spot back to the station that sent it:
+// DXSpider suppresses the echo to the originator, and a node-side filter can eat
+// it too. So an operator spotted a station, watched their own spot list stay
+// empty, and concluded the spot had never gone out — when it had. This is the
+// spot the echo would have carried, built from what we sent, deliberately the
+// same shape so the UI's call+band de-dupe folds the two into one row on the
+// nodes that DO echo.
+func NewLocalSpot(srv ServerConfig, spotter, dxCall string, freqKHz float64, comment string) Spot {
+	freqHz := int64(freqKHz*1000 + 0.5)
+	now := time.Now()
+	sp := Spot{
+		SourceID:   srv.ID,
+		SourceName: srv.Name,
+		Spotter:    strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(spotter)),
+		DXCall:     strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(dxCall)),
+		FreqKHz:    freqKHz,
+		FreqHz:     freqHz,
+		Band:       bandFromHz(freqHz),
+		Comment:    strings.TrimSpace(comment),
+		TimeUTC:    now.UTC().Format("1504") + "Z",
+		ReceivedAt: now,
+	}
+	// Raw reads like the node's own broadcast — it is what anything showing the
+	// source line expects, and it keeps a local spot legible in the log.
+	sp.Raw = fmt.Sprintf("DX de %s: %9.1f  %-12s %-30s %s",
+		sp.Spotter, sp.FreqKHz, sp.DXCall, sp.Comment, sp.TimeUTC)
+	return sp
+}
+
 func isLoginPrompt(s string) bool {
 	low := strings.ToLower(s)
 	return strings.Contains(low, "login:") ||
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package cluster
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"net"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// A node whose whole greeting is a bare "login:" — no newline, no banner — and
+// which then demands a password must still log in.
+//
+// Reported on f5mzn.org:9000: telnet by hand worked, OpsLog sat at "connecting"
+// for ever. Two faults met there. The prompts carry no newline, and the read
+// loop only ever looked at complete LINES, so neither prompt was seen at all;
+// and the blind 1.5 s login never recorded that it had sent the callsign, which
+// left the password branch — gated on that flag — permanently switched off.
+//
+// The test speaks the node's side literally: "login:" with no newline, then
+// "password:" with no newline, then a spot. It asserts both answers arrive and
+// that the session reaches Connected without any welcome banner to lean on.
+func TestBareLoginAndPasswordPromptsWithoutNewlines(t *testing.T) {
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer ln.Close()
+
+	host, portStr, _ := net.SplitHostPort(ln.Addr().String())
+	port, err := strconv.Atoi(portStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	type answers struct{ login, pwd string }
+	got := make(chan answers, 1)
+	go func() {
+		c, err := ln.Accept()
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		defer c.Close()
+		rd := bufio.NewReader(c)
+		// No newline, exactly as the node sends it.
+		if _, err := c.Write([]byte("login: ")); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		call, err := rd.ReadString('\n')
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Write([]byte("password: ")); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		pwd, err := rd.ReadString('\n')
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		got <- answers{strings.TrimSpace(call), strings.TrimSpace(pwd)}
+		// Something to prove the link is live and parsing again afterwards.
+		_, _ = c.Write([]byte("DX de F4BPO:     14074.0  OY1CT        FT8            1234Z\r\n"))
+		time.Sleep(time.Second)
+	}()
+
+	spots := make(chan Spot, 4)
+	s := &session{
+		cfg:      ServerConfig{Name: "pwd node", Host: host, Port: port, Password: "s3cret"},
+		login:    "F4BPO",
+		onSpot:   func(sp Spot) { spots <- sp },
+		onLine:   func(Line) {},
+		onStatus: func() {},
+		stopCh:   make(chan struct{}),
+	}
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() { _, err := s.runOnce(); done <- err }()
+	defer func() { close(s.stopCh); <-done }()
+
+	select {
+	case a := <-got:
+		if a.login != "F4BPO" {
+			t.Errorf("callsign sent = %q, want F4BPO", a.login)
+		}
+		if a.pwd != "s3cret" {
+			t.Errorf("password sent = %q, want s3cret — the prompt carried no newline", a.pwd)
+		}
+	case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("the node's newline-less prompts were never answered")
+	}
+
+	select {
+	case sp := <-spots:
+		if sp.DXCall != "OY1CT" {
+			t.Errorf("spot from the wrong station: %+v", sp)
+		}
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("no spot after the login — the stream is not being parsed")
+	}
+
+	// Connected without a welcome banner: the handshake alone must be enough.
+	if st := s.snapshot().State; st != StateConnected {
+		t.Errorf("state = %q, want %q — the server would still show as connecting", st, StateConnected)
+	}
+}
@@ -117,6 +117,13 @@ func UploadClublogADIF(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, cfg ServiceConf
 	if api == "" {
 		api = clublogAppAPIKey
 	}
+	// putlogs.php reads the upload as an ADIF *file*, so it needs a header.
+	// Callers that already build a full document (the QSL Manager) pass one;
+	// callers that only have <EOR>-terminated records (the on-close flush) do
+	// not, and a headerless file is rejected. Same rule as the LoTW writer.
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.ToUpper(adifDoc), "<EOH>") {
+		adifDoc = "OpsLog Club Log upload\n<PROGRAMID:6>OpsLog <EOH>\n" + adifDoc
+	}

 	var buf bytes.Buffer
 	mw := multipart.NewWriter(&buf)
@@ -267,6 +267,78 @@ func UploadEQSL(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, user, pswd, qthNick, a
 	return UploadResult{OK: false, Message: reason}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: upload failed: %s", reason)
 }

+// eqslBatchMax is the largest number of records eQSL asks a single upload to
+// carry ("upload only files smaller than about 1000 records at a time", eQSL's
+// own ImportADIF interface notes). Callers chunk to this.
+const eqslBatchMax = 1000
+
+// UploadEQSLBatch pushes MANY ADIF records to eQSL.cc in ONE request.
+//
+// ImportADIF.cfm is a file importer, not a per-QSO endpoint: it takes one *or
+// more* QSOs and answers "Result: X out of Y records added" — the plural in its
+// own reply. So an on-close sweep or a bulk upload is one request, not one per
+// contact. No ADIF header is prepended: the single-record path has always posted
+// bare <EOR> records and eQSL accepts them (per ADIF, a file starting with '<'
+// has no header), and there is no reason to change what is known to work.
+//
+// A PARTIAL result ("97 out of 100") sets Ignored so the caller can say so.
+// eQSL does not identify which records it left out, and in practice they are
+// QSOs it already holds — the same duplicate that UploadEQSL reports as success.
+func UploadEQSLBatch(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, user, pswd, qthNick string, records []string) (UploadResult, error) {
+	user = strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(user))
+	if user == "" {
+		return UploadResult{}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: username (callsign) not set")
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(pswd) == "" {
+		return UploadResult{}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: password not set")
+	}
+	docs := make([]string, 0, len(records))
+	for _, r := range records {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(r) == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		docs = append(docs, eqslRecordWithNickname(strings.TrimRight(r, "\r\n"), qthNick))
+	}
+	if len(docs) == 0 {
+		return UploadResult{}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: empty adif batch")
+	}
+	if len(docs) > eqslBatchMax {
+		return UploadResult{}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: batch of %d exceeds the %d-record limit", len(docs), eqslBatchMax)
+	}
+
+	body, err := eqslPost(ctx, client, user, pswd, strings.Join(docs, "\n"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return UploadResult{OK: false, Message: body}, err
+	}
+	if reason := authErrEQSL(body); reason != "" {
+		return UploadResult{OK: false, Message: reason}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: %s", reason)
+	}
+
+	// The counted result is read FIRST here, unlike the single-record path: a
+	// batch reply routinely carries both "Result: 97 out of 100 records added"
+	// and a "Bad record: Duplicate" line for the other three, and matching the
+	// duplicate first would throw away the count that says the rest went in.
+	if m := eqslResultRe.FindStringSubmatch(body); m != nil {
+		added, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[1])
+		total, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[2])
+		if added >= 1 {
+			return UploadResult{OK: true, Message: strings.TrimSpace(m[0]), Ignored: added < total}, nil
+		}
+		// "0 out of N" — nothing added. A re-upload of QSOs eQSL already holds
+		// lands here, and that is not a failure.
+		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(body), "duplicate") {
+			return UploadResult{OK: true, Message: "already in logbook"}, nil
+		}
+		reason := eqslReason(body)
+		return UploadResult{OK: false, Message: reason}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: batch upload failed: %s", reason)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(body), "duplicate") {
+		return UploadResult{OK: true, Message: "already in logbook"}, nil
+	}
+	reason := eqslReason(body)
+	return UploadResult{OK: false, Message: reason}, fmt.Errorf("eqsl: batch upload failed: %s", reason)
+}
+
 // eqslReason trims an eQSL reply to a short human-readable reason: the first
 // "Error:" / "Warning:" / "Bad record:" line if present, else the whole body
 // (capped), else a generic phrase.
@@ -295,9 +295,10 @@ func (m *Manager) CloseUploadCount() int {
 }

 // FlushOnClose uploads every QSO due for an on-close push, scanning the whole
-// logbook (not just this session). Called from the shutdown sequence. QRZ/Club
-// Log go one-by-one (fast HTTP); LoTW is signed and uploaded as a single TQSL
-// batch. Returns the number of QSOs uploaded successfully.
+// logbook (not just this session). Called from the shutdown sequence. QRZ and
+// the rest go one-by-one (fast HTTP, no batch API); LoTW is signed and uploaded
+// as a single TQSL batch, and Club Log goes through its batch endpoint.
+// Returns the number of QSOs uploaded successfully.
 func (m *Manager) FlushOnClose() int {
 	if m.deps.CloseUploadIDs == nil {
 		return 0
@@ -312,41 +313,190 @@ func (m *Manager) FlushOnClose() int {
 		switch svc {
 		case ServiceLoTW:
 			uploaded += m.flushLoTWBatch(ids, cfg.LoTW)
-		case ServiceQRZ:
-			for _, id := range ids {
-				if ok, _ := m.upload(svc, id, cfg.QRZ); ok {
-					uploaded++
-				}
-			}
 		case ServiceClublog:
-			for _, id := range ids {
-				if ok, _ := m.upload(svc, id, cfg.Clublog); ok {
-					uploaded++
-				}
-			}
-		case ServiceHRDLog:
-			for _, id := range ids {
-				if ok, _ := m.upload(svc, id, cfg.HRDLog); ok {
-					uploaded++
-				}
-			}
+			uploaded += m.flushClublogBatch(ids, cfg.Clublog)
 		case ServiceEQSL:
-			for _, id := range ids {
-				if ok, _ := m.upload(svc, id, cfg.EQSL); ok {
-					uploaded++
-				}
-			}
+			uploaded += m.flushEQSLBatch(ids, cfg.EQSL)
+		case ServiceQRZ:
+			uploaded += m.flushOneByOne(svc, ids, cfg.QRZ)
+		case ServiceHRDLog:
+			uploaded += m.flushOneByOne(svc, ids, cfg.HRDLog)
 		case ServiceCloudlog:
-			for _, id := range ids {
-				if ok, _ := m.upload(svc, id, cfg.Cloudlog); ok {
-					uploaded++
-				}
-			}
+			uploaded += m.flushOneByOne(svc, ids, cfg.Cloudlog)
 		}
 	}
 	return uploaded
 }

+// uploadPace is the shortest gap between two consecutive single-QSO uploads in
+// an on-close sweep. QRZ, HRDLog and Cloudlog have no batch endpoint — HRDLog's
+// NewEntry.aspx keeps only the first record of a multi-record ADIF — so a sweep
+// of a freshly imported log is unavoidably one request per contact. It does not
+// have to arrive as fast as the link allows, though: that burst is what a
+// service reads as a robot, and what got an operator's IP threatened at Club Log
+// (see flushClublogBatch). The gap costs nothing in practice, since a round trip
+// to any of these already takes longer than it.
+const uploadPace = 200 * time.Millisecond
+
+// flushOneByOne uploads ids one request at a time, paced. For the services that
+// have no batch API; everything else has its own flush<Service>Batch.
+func (m *Manager) flushOneByOne(svc Service, ids []int64, cfg ServiceConfig) int {
+	uploaded := 0
+	for i, id := range ids {
+		if i > 0 {
+			time.Sleep(uploadPace)
+		}
+		if ok, _ := m.upload(svc, id, cfg); ok {
+			uploaded++
+		}
+	}
+	return uploaded
+}
+
+// eqslBatchChunk is how many QSOs go into one ImportADIF.cfm request. eQSL's own
+// limit is ten times this (eqslBatchMax); the smaller chunk keeps one refused
+// record from taking a thousand others down with it, and keeps the form body
+// small enough to be unremarkable.
+const eqslBatchChunk = 100
+
+// flushEQSLBatch uploads the on-close eQSL QSOs through ImportADIF.cfm in
+// batches instead of one request per contact. Same reasoning as
+// flushClublogBatch — eQSL's import endpoint has always taken a whole file, so
+// the one-at-a-time loop was making hundreds of requests it never needed to.
+func (m *Manager) flushEQSLBatch(ids []int64, cfg ServiceConfig) int {
+	uploaded := 0
+	var records []string
+	var kept []int64
+
+	send := func() {
+		if len(records) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		// nil client: UploadEQSLBatch then builds one with a 30 s timeout rather
+		// than reusing the 20 s budget of a single realtime QSO.
+		res, err := UploadEQSLBatch(context.Background(), nil, cfg.Username, cfg.Password, cfg.QTHNickname, records)
+		if err != nil || !res.OK {
+			if err == nil {
+				err = errFromResult(res)
+			}
+			m.logf("extsvc: eqsl batch upload (%d QSOs) failed: %v", len(kept), err)
+			if m.deps.NotifyError != nil {
+				m.deps.NotifyError(ServiceEQSL, 0, err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			// res.Ignored means eQSL took the file but left records out. Say the
+			// count out loud: the whole chunk is still marked sent (eQSL never
+			// says WHICH it dropped, and in practice they are QSOs it already
+			// had), so the log line is the only trace of the shortfall.
+			if res.Ignored {
+				m.logf("extsvc: eqsl batch upload PARTIAL (%d QSOs sent) %s", len(kept), res.Message)
+			} else {
+				m.logf("extsvc: eqsl batch upload OK (%d QSOs) %s", len(kept), res.Message)
+			}
+			if m.deps.MarkUploaded != nil {
+				for _, id := range kept {
+					m.deps.MarkUploaded(ServiceEQSL, id, res.LogID)
+				}
+			}
+			uploaded += len(kept)
+		}
+		records = records[:0]
+		kept = kept[:0]
+	}
+
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		if m.deps.ShouldUpload != nil && !m.deps.ShouldUpload(ServiceEQSL, id) {
+			continue
+		}
+		// eQSL keeps the QSO's own station call; the account is identified by the
+		// credentials and the optional QTH nickname — as in upload().
+		rec, ok := m.deps.BuildADIF(id, "")
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		records = append(records, rec)
+		kept = append(kept, id)
+		if len(records) >= eqslBatchChunk {
+			send()
+		}
+	}
+	send()
+	return uploaded
+}
+
+// clublogBatchChunk is how many QSOs go into one putlogs.php request. Club Log
+// dedupes server-side, so chunking is not about correctness — it keeps a single
+// malformed record from failing a whole ten-thousand-QSO document, and matches
+// what the QSL Manager's bulk upload already uses.
+const clublogBatchChunk = 100
+
+// flushClublogBatch uploads the on-close Club Log QSOs through the BATCH
+// endpoint (putlogs.php) rather than one realtime.php call each.
+//
+// It used to walk the ids and call UploadClublog per QSO. On-close upload sweeps
+// the WHOLE logbook, so importing an ADIF — or simply switching Club Log on over
+// an existing log — turned one app close into hundreds of realtime.php posts.
+// That endpoint is reserved for an operator logging contacts as they work them,
+// and Club Log blocks the IP of anything that batches through it: an OpsLog user
+// was flagged by G7VJR for 185 QSOs in four minutes, which is this loop, not a
+// pile-up. Batch upload is the mechanism Club Log provides for exactly this.
+func (m *Manager) flushClublogBatch(ids []int64, cfg ServiceConfig) int {
+	uploaded := 0
+	var records []string
+	var kept []int64
+
+	send := func() {
+		if len(records) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		// nil client on purpose: UploadClublogADIF then builds one with a 120 s
+		// timeout. m.deps.Client is the 20 s budget of a single realtime QSO,
+		// which a hundred-QSO document on a slow link would blow through.
+		res, err := UploadClublogADIF(context.Background(), nil, cfg, strings.Join(records, "\n"))
+		if err != nil || !res.OK {
+			if err == nil {
+				err = errFromResult(res)
+			}
+			m.logf("extsvc: clublog batch upload (%d QSOs) failed: %v", len(kept), err)
+			if m.deps.NotifyError != nil {
+				m.deps.NotifyError(ServiceClublog, 0, err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			m.logf("extsvc: clublog batch upload OK (%d QSOs) %s", len(kept), res.Message)
+			if m.deps.MarkUploaded != nil {
+				for _, id := range kept {
+					m.deps.MarkUploaded(ServiceClublog, id, res.LogID)
+				}
+			}
+			uploaded += len(kept)
+		}
+		records = records[:0]
+		kept = kept[:0]
+	}
+
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		// Skip QSOs not eligible (already sent). The wrong-logbook guard that
+		// upload() applies per QSO is not repeated here: closeUploadIDs has
+		// already filtered the sweep down to this logbook's callsign.
+		if m.deps.ShouldUpload != nil && !m.deps.ShouldUpload(ServiceClublog, id) {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Club Log takes the logbook callsign as its own form field, so the ADIF
+		// keeps the QSO's own station call (no override) — as in upload().
+		rec, ok := m.deps.BuildADIF(id, "")
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		records = append(records, rec)
+		kept = append(kept, id)
+		if len(records) >= clublogBatchChunk {
+			send()
+		}
+	}
+	send()
+	return uploaded
+}
+
 // flushLoTWBatch signs+uploads all queued LoTW QSOs in one TQSL run, then
 // stamps each as uploaded on success.
 func (m *Manager) flushLoTWBatch(ids []int64, cfg ServiceConfig) int {
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package lookup
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// A TTL of zero means no cache: nothing is read from it, and nothing is written
+// to it either.
+//
+// It is a real thing to want. An operator correcting their own QRZ record — or
+// chasing a DXpedition whose page changes during the operation — otherwise
+// waits out thirty days before OpsLog will ask again. Clearing the cache by
+// hand works once; switching it off is the setting for a session where the
+// answers are moving.
+func TestATTLOfZeroSwitchesTheCacheOff(t *testing.T) {
+	c := testCache(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	if err := c.Put(ctx, Result{Callsign: "M0ABC", Name: "Ann", Source: "qrz"}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("put: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.Get(ctx, "M0ABC"); !ok {
+		t.Fatal("the cache did not hold a fresh entry while switched on")
+	}
+
+	c.SetTTL(0)
+	if c.Enabled() {
+		t.Error("Enabled() is true with a zero TTL")
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.Get(ctx, "M0ABC"); ok {
+		t.Error("a cached entry was still returned with the cache off — the provider would never be asked again")
+	}
+	// And nothing new is stored: those rows would only sit there going stale,
+	// waiting for the day the cache is switched back on.
+	if err := c.Put(ctx, Result{Callsign: "M0XYZ", Name: "Bob", Source: "qrz"}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("put with the cache off: %v", err)
+	}
+	c.SetTTL(30 * 24 * time.Hour)
+	if _, ok := c.Get(ctx, "M0XYZ"); ok {
+		t.Error("a lookup made while the cache was off was written to it anyway")
+	}
+	// The entry from before it was switched off is still there — switching off
+	// is not the same as clearing, and the Clear cache button remains the way to
+	// throw the contents away.
+	if _, ok := c.Get(ctx, "M0ABC"); !ok {
+		t.Error("switching the cache off discarded what it already held")
+	}
+}
+
+// A negative lifetime is meaningless, and rounding it into either "off" or a
+// default would be a guess. It is ignored instead.
+func TestANegativeTTLIsIgnored(t *testing.T) {
+	c := testCache(t)
+	c.SetTTL(7 * 24 * time.Hour)
+	c.SetTTL(-1)
+	if !c.Enabled() {
+		t.Fatal("a negative TTL switched the cache off")
+	}
+	if c.ttl != 7*24*time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("ttl = %v after a negative value, want the 7 days it already had", c.ttl)
+	}
+}
+
+// The constructor's zero is the DEFAULT, not "off": at startup the settings
+// have not been read, and beginning with no cache would hammer the provider for
+// the first seconds of every launch.
+func TestNewCacheWithZeroStillCaches(t *testing.T) {
+	c := testCache(t) // built with NewCache(conn, 0)
+	if !c.Enabled() {
+		t.Error("a cache built with a zero TTL started switched off")
+	}
+}
@@ -432,11 +432,21 @@ func fillFromDXCC(r *Result, dxcc DXCCResolver) bool {
 // ----- Cache -----

 // Cache is a SQLite-backed cache of lookup results with a TTL.
+//
+// A ttl of zero means NO CACHE: every lookup goes to the provider. That is a
+// real thing to want — an operator correcting their own QRZ record, or chasing
+// a DXpedition whose page changes during the operation, otherwise waits out the
+// cache before OpsLog will look again.
 type Cache struct {
 	db  *sql.DB
 	ttl time.Duration
 }

+// NewCache builds the cache. A ttl of zero here is the CONSTRUCTOR default
+// (thirty days), not "off": at startup the settings have not been read yet, and
+// starting with no cache would hammer the provider for the first seconds of
+// every launch. Switching it off is a decision the operator makes, through
+// SetTTL, once their settings are known.
 func NewCache(db *sql.DB, ttl time.Duration) *Cache {
 	if ttl <= 0 {
 		ttl = 30 * 24 * time.Hour
@@ -444,15 +454,25 @@ func NewCache(db *sql.DB, ttl time.Duration) *Cache {
 	return &Cache{db: db, ttl: ttl}
 }

-// SetTTL updates the cache TTL (e.g. when user changes settings).
+// SetTTL updates the cache lifetime.
+//
+// ZERO switches the cache OFF — nothing is read from it and nothing is written
+// to it. A NEGATIVE value is meaningless and is ignored, rather than being
+// rounded into one of the two meanings above.
 func (c *Cache) SetTTL(ttl time.Duration) {
-	if ttl > 0 {
+	if ttl >= 0 {
 		c.ttl = ttl
 	}
 }

+// Enabled reports whether anything is being cached at all.
+func (c *Cache) Enabled() bool { return c != nil && c.ttl > 0 }
+
 // Get returns the cached result if present and not expired.
 func (c *Cache) Get(ctx context.Context, callsign string) (Result, bool) {
+	if !c.Enabled() {
+		return Result{}, false
+	}
 	row := c.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, `
        SELECT callsign, name, qth, address, state, cnty, country, grid,
               lat, lon, dxcc, cqz, ituz, cont, email, qsl_via, image_url,
@@ -519,6 +539,11 @@ func (c *Cache) Get(ctx context.Context, callsign string) (Result, bool) {
 // Put upserts a lookup result. fetched_at is generated in Go (NowISO) so the
 // INSERT is backend-agnostic; the conflict tail is dialect-specific.
 func (c *Cache) Put(ctx context.Context, r Result) error {
+	if !c.Enabled() {
+		// Nothing reads it, so writing would only grow the table — and leave
+		// stale rows waiting for the day the cache is switched back on.
+		return nil
+	}
 	updateCols := []string{
 		"name", "qth", "address", "state", "cnty",
 		"country", "grid", "lat", "lon",
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ func NewDenkovi(serial string, count int) Device {
 	return denkoviStub{count: count}
 }

-func (s denkoviStub) Count() int     { return s.count }
-func (denkoviStub) Close() error     { return nil }
+func (s denkoviStub) Count() int { return s.count }
+func (denkoviStub) Close() error { return nil }
 func (denkoviStub) Status(context.Context) ([]bool, error) {
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("Denkovi USB relay board is only supported on Windows")
 }
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ type httpGen struct {
 	user    string
 	pass    string
 	count   int
+	// insecure accepts a certificate nothing can verify — the self-signed one a
+	// relay board on the LAN presents. Per board, and the operator's choice.
+	insecure bool

 	mu    sync.Mutex
 	state []bool
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ type httpGen struct {
 // NewHTTPGeneric builds the driver. onURLs/offURLs are per relay (index 0 =
 // relay 1) and may be short or hold empty entries; onPat/offPat are the
 // fallback patterns; labels are the relay names {value} substitutes.
-func NewHTTPGeneric(onURLs, offURLs []string, onPat, offPat, user, pass string, count int, labels []string) Device {
+func NewHTTPGeneric(onURLs, offURLs []string, onPat, offPat, user, pass string, count int, labels []string, insecure bool) Device {
 	if count <= 0 {
 		count = len(onURLs)
 	}
@@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ func NewHTTPGeneric(onURLs, offURLs []string, onPat, offPat, user, pass string,
 	return &httpGen{
 		onURLs: onURLs, offURLs: offURLs,
 		onPat: onPat, offPat: offPat, labels: labels,
-		user: user, pass: pass, count: count,
+		user: user, pass: pass, count: count, insecure: insecure,
 		state: make([]bool, count),
 	}
 }
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ func (h *httpGen) Set(ctx context.Context, relay int, on bool) error {
 	}
 	u := h.urlFor(relay, on)
 	u = withScheme(u)
-	if _, err := get(ctx, u, h.user, h.pass); err != nil {
+	if _, err := get(ctx, u, h.user, h.pass, h.insecure); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	h.mu.Lock()
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func TestHTTPGenericPattern(t *testing.T) {

 	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil,
 		srv.URL+"/relay?n={relay}&state=on",
-		srv.URL+"/relay?n={relay}&state=off", "", "", 4, nil)
+		srv.URL+"/relay?n={relay}&state=off", "", "", 4, nil, false)
 	if err := d.Set(context.Background(), 2, true); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Set on: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func TestHTTPGenericPerRelayURLsWinOverThePattern(t *testing.T) {
 	d := NewHTTPGeneric(
 		[]string{srv.URL + "/FF0101", "", srv.URL + "/weird/on"},
 		[]string{srv.URL + "/FF0100", "", ""},
-		srv.URL+"/pattern/on/{relay}", srv.URL+"/pattern/off/{relay}", "", "", 3, nil)
+		srv.URL+"/pattern/on/{relay}", srv.URL+"/pattern/off/{relay}", "", "", 3, nil, false)

 	_ = d.Set(context.Background(), 1, true)  // its own URL
 	_ = d.Set(context.Background(), 2, true)  // empty → falls back to the pattern
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func TestHTTPGenericValueIsTheRelayLabel(t *testing.T) {
 		[]string{srv.URL + "/relay?on={value}"}, // per-relay URL
 		nil,
 		"", srv.URL+"/relay?off={value}", // and the pattern, for the other direction
-		"", "", 3, []string{"Ant1", "Beam 20m", ""})
+		"", "", 3, []string{"Ant1", "Beam 20m", ""}, false)
 	_ = d.Set(context.Background(), 1, true)
 	_ = d.Set(context.Background(), 2, false)
 	mu.Lock()
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func TestHTTPGenericRelayOffset(t *testing.T) {
 	defer srv.Close()

 	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil,
-		srv.URL+"/set0/{relay-1}/1", srv.URL+"/set0/{relay-1}/0", "", "", 4, nil)
+		srv.URL+"/set0/{relay-1}/1", srv.URL+"/set0/{relay-1}/0", "", "", 4, nil, false)
 	_ = d.Set(context.Background(), 1, true)
 	_ = d.Set(context.Background(), 4, false)
 	mu.Lock()
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ func TestHTTPGenericRelayOffset(t *testing.T) {
 // movement. It must be refused, and the message must say the label is what is
 // missing.
 func TestHTTPGenericRefusesValueWithoutALabel(t *testing.T) {
-	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, "http://x/relay?on={value}", "", "", "", 2, []string{"", ""})
+	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, "http://x/relay?on={value}", "", "", "", 2, []string{"", ""}, false)
 	err := d.Set(context.Background(), 1, true)
 	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "label") {
 		t.Errorf("err = %v, want it to name the missing label", err)
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func TestHTTPGenericSuppliesTheScheme(t *testing.T) {
 // A switch with the ON URLs filled and OFF left empty latches. The error has to
 // name the direction, or the operator cannot tell which half is missing.
 func TestHTTPGenericNamesTheMissingDirection(t *testing.T) {
-	d := NewHTTPGeneric([]string{"http://x/on"}, nil, "", "", "", "", 1, nil)
+	d := NewHTTPGeneric([]string{"http://x/on"}, nil, "", "", "", "", 1, nil, false)
 	err := d.Set(context.Background(), 1, false)
 	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "OFF") {
 		t.Errorf("err = %v, want it to name the OFF direction", err)
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ func TestHTTPGenericNamesTheMissingDirection(t *testing.T) {
 func TestHTTPGenericRemembersWhatItCommanded(t *testing.T) {
 	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {}))
 	defer srv.Close()
-	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, srv.URL+"/on/{relay}", srv.URL+"/off/{relay}", "", "", 3, nil)
+	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, srv.URL+"/on/{relay}", srv.URL+"/off/{relay}", "", "", 3, nil, false)
 	_ = d.Set(context.Background(), 2, true)
 	st, err := d.Status(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package relaydev
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// A relay board on the LAN signs its own certificate — there is no authority
+// anywhere that could have signed it. httptest.NewTLSServer presents exactly
+// that: a certificate from an unknown issuer, which is what the hardware does.
+func selfSignedRelay(t *testing.T) (*httptest.Server, func() []string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+	var got []string
+	srv := httptest.NewTLSServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		mu.Lock()
+		got = append(got, r.URL.Path)
+		mu.Unlock()
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	}))
+	t.Cleanup(srv.Close)
+	return srv, func() []string {
+		mu.Lock()
+		defer mu.Unlock()
+		return append([]string(nil), got...)
+	}
+}
+
+// With the box ticked, the board answers.
+func TestHTTPSRelayWithASelfSignedCertificate(t *testing.T) {
+	srv, seen := selfSignedRelay(t)
+	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, srv.URL+"/on/{relay}", srv.URL+"/off/{relay}", "", "", 2, nil, true)
+	if err := d.Set(context.Background(), 1, true); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Set over HTTPS: %v", err)
+	}
+	if paths := seen(); len(paths) != 1 || paths[0] != "/on/1" {
+		t.Errorf("the board was asked for %v, want /on/1", paths)
+	}
+}
+
+// Without it, the request is refused — and the refusal has to name the box.
+//
+// Go's own message, "x509: certificate signed by unknown authority", is
+// accurate and tells an operator nothing about what to do next. This is the
+// difference between a dead end and an instruction, and it is the whole reason
+// the default can safely stay OFF.
+func TestARefusedCertificateNamesTheSetting(t *testing.T) {
+	srv, seen := selfSignedRelay(t)
+	d := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, srv.URL+"/on/{relay}", srv.URL+"/off/{relay}", "", "", 2, nil, false)
+	err := d.Set(context.Background(), 1, true)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("an unverifiable certificate was accepted with the box unticked")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "self-signed") {
+		t.Errorf("the refusal reads %q — it does not say which setting to change", err)
+	}
+	if len(seen()) != 0 {
+		t.Error("the request reached the board despite the certificate being refused")
+	}
+}
+
+// The box belongs to ONE board. An operator with a self-signed switch on the
+// LAN and a second board reached through a proper HTTPS proxy must keep real
+// verification on the second — that link crosses the internet, and it commands
+// an antenna.
+func TestAcceptingOneBoardsCertificateDoesNotAffectAnother(t *testing.T) {
+	srv, _ := selfSignedRelay(t)
+	lan := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, srv.URL+"/on/{relay}", "", "", "", 1, nil, true)
+	if err := lan.Set(context.Background(), 1, true); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("the LAN board: %v", err)
+	}
+	strict := NewHTTPGeneric(nil, nil, srv.URL+"/on/{relay}", "", "", "", 1, nil, false)
+	if err := strict.Set(context.Background(), 1, true); err == nil {
+		t.Error("the second board accepted the certificate too — the setting is not per board")
+	}
+}
@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@ package relaydev

 import (
 	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
 	"encoding/xml"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -28,8 +31,8 @@ import (

 // Device is one relay board.
 type Device interface {
-	Count() int                                       // number of user-controllable relays
-	Status(ctx context.Context) ([]bool, error)       // state of each relay (index 0 = relay 1)
+	Count() int                                        // number of user-controllable relays
+	Status(ctx context.Context) ([]bool, error)        // state of each relay (index 0 = relay 1)
 	Set(ctx context.Context, relay int, on bool) error // relay is 1-based
 	// Close releases any OS handle the driver holds (serial port, FTDI handle).
 	// Network boards hold nothing and no-op. MUST be called when a cached driver is
@@ -40,8 +43,47 @@ type Device interface {

 func httpClient() *http.Client { return &http.Client{Timeout: 5 * time.Second} }

+// insecureClient talks to a board presenting a certificate nothing can verify.
+//
+// Which is nearly every board that offers HTTPS at all: a relay box on the LAN
+// signs its own certificate, and there is no authority anywhere that could have
+// signed it. Refusing that means refusing HTTPS on the hardware, which is not a
+// security decision, only an outcome.
+//
+// So it is offered, per board, and OFF by default — because the other HTTPS
+// case is real and opposite: a board reached from outside through a proxy with
+// a genuine certificate, where verification is the only thing standing between
+// an antenna switch and the internet. One box, on the board that needs it.
+//
+// Built once. A Transport per request would open a fresh TLS connection every
+// time and never reuse one.
+var insecureClient = &http.Client{
+	Timeout: 5 * time.Second,
+	Transport: &http.Transport{
+		TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{InsecureSkipVerify: true}, //nolint:gosec // the operator ticked the box for this board
+	},
+}
+
+// certError says which box to tick when TLS is what failed.
+//
+// Go's own message — "x509: certificate signed by unknown authority" — is
+// accurate and tells an operator nothing about what to do next. Naming the
+// setting turns a dead end into an instruction.
+func certError(err error) error {
+	var unknown x509.UnknownAuthorityError
+	var host x509.HostnameError
+	var verify *tls.CertificateVerificationError
+	if errors.As(err, &unknown) || errors.As(err, &host) || errors.As(err, &verify) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w — the board's HTTPS certificate cannot be verified; "+
+			"tick \"Accept a self-signed certificate\" for this board if it is on your own network", err)
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
 // get issues a GET with optional basic auth and returns the body on 2xx.
-func get(ctx context.Context, url, user, pass string) ([]byte, error) {
+//
+// insecure skips certificate verification, for a board that signs its own.
+func get(ctx context.Context, url, user, pass string, insecure bool) ([]byte, error) {
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -49,9 +91,13 @@ func get(ctx context.Context, url, user, pass string) ([]byte, error) {
 	if user != "" || pass != "" {
 		req.SetBasicAuth(user, pass)
 	}
-	resp, err := httpClient().Do(req)
+	client := httpClient()
+	if insecure {
+		client = insecureClient
+	}
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, certError(err)
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
@@ -87,8 +133,8 @@ type webswitch struct {
 // NewWebswitch builds a WebSwitch 1216H client (5 relays).
 func NewWebswitch(host string) Device { return &webswitch{host: host, count: 5} }

-func (w *webswitch) Count() int    { return w.count }
-func (w *webswitch) Close() error  { return nil } // stateless HTTP, nothing to release
+func (w *webswitch) Count() int   { return w.count }
+func (w *webswitch) Close() error { return nil } // stateless HTTP, nothing to release

 func (w *webswitch) Set(ctx context.Context, relay int, on bool) error {
 	if relay < 1 || relay > w.count {
@@ -98,7 +144,7 @@ func (w *webswitch) Set(ctx context.Context, relay int, on bool) error {
 	if on {
 		action = "on"
 	}
-	_, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/relaycontrol/%s/%d", relayBase(w.host), action, relay), "", "")
+	_, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/relaycontrol/%s/%d", relayBase(w.host), action, relay), "", "", false)
 	return err
 }

@@ -109,7 +155,7 @@ func (w *webswitch) Status(ctx context.Context) ([]bool, error) {
 		sel.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(i))
 		sel.WriteByte('$')
 	}
-	body, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/relaystate/get2/%s", relayBase(w.host), sel.String()), "", "")
+	body, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/relaystate/get2/%s", relayBase(w.host), sel.String()), "", "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -156,7 +202,7 @@ func (k *kmtronic) Set(ctx context.Context, relay int, on bool) error {
 		state = "01"
 	}
 	// FF<rr><ss>: e.g. FF0101 = relay 1 on, FF0800 = relay 8 off.
-	_, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/FF%02d%s", relayBase(k.host), relay, state), k.user, k.pass)
+	_, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/FF%02d%s", relayBase(k.host), relay, state), k.user, k.pass, false)
 	return err
 }

@@ -170,7 +216,7 @@ type kmStatus struct {
 }

 func (k *kmtronic) Status(ctx context.Context) ([]bool, error) {
-	body, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/status.xml", relayBase(k.host)), k.user, k.pass)
+	body, err := get(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s/status.xml", relayBase(k.host)), k.user, k.pass, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+// Package tciserver shares OpsLog's CAT link with programs that speak TCI.
+//
+// It is the second half of internal/rigctld, and exists for the same reason:
+// Windows gives a COM port to ONE process, so the moment OpsLog talks to the
+// radio directly nothing else can. rigctld answers the programs that speak
+// Hamlib NET rigctl (WSJT-X, JTDX, MSHV, Log4OM); this answers the ones built
+// around Expert Electronics' TCI instead — and it answers them whatever radio
+// is actually connected, because it sits on the same backend-agnostic
+// interface. An operator with an Icom or a Yaesu can hand a TCI-only program a
+// working rig.
+//
+// ── The protocol ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Text commands over a WebSocket, "name:arg,arg;", the same syntax in both
+// directions. On connection the server sends a block of initialisation
+// commands describing the device, ending with ready; and start;. Thereafter
+// either side may send a control command, and the server echoes every change
+// to all connected clients so they stay in step with each other.
+//
+//	vfo:0,0,14074000;      receiver 0, channel A (RX), Hz
+//	vfo:0,1,14080000;      channel B — the TX frequency when split is on
+//	modulation:0,usb;      mode
+//	trx:0,true;            PTT
+//	split_enable:0,true;   split
+//	vfo:0,0;               a READ: the reply is the three-argument form
+//
+// Written against the official TCI Protocol document (ExpertSDR3/TCI, 12
+// January 2024, MIT) — the initialisation set and the argument order of every
+// command below are from §4.1 and §4.2, not from guesswork about what a client
+// might accept.
+package tciserver
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
+)
+
+// Rig is what the server needs from OpsLog's CAT manager. An interface, so this
+// package stays testable without a radio and without importing internal/cat —
+// which also keeps it building on every platform.
+type Rig interface {
+	Freq() int64          // TX frequency in Hz (ADIF sense), 0 if unknown
+	RxFreq() int64        // RX frequency in Hz; equals Freq when not split
+	Mode() string         // ADIF mode (SSB, CW, FT8…)
+	Split() (bool, int64) // split on?, and the TX frequency
+	SetFreq(hz int64) error
+	SetMode(mode string) error
+	SetPTT(on bool) error
+	SetSplit(on bool, txHz int64) error
+}
+
+// DefaultPort is TCI's own default, which is what a client offers first.
+const DefaultPort = 40001
+
+// pollInterval is how often the rig is compared with what the clients were last
+// told. TCI is an event protocol — a client is entitled to sit silent and be
+// told when something moves — so this is the rate at which a knob turned on the
+// radio reaches it.
+const pollInterval = 250 * time.Millisecond
+
+type Server struct {
+	port int
+	rig  Rig
+	log  func(string, ...any)
+
+	mu     sync.Mutex
+	ln     net.Listener
+	http   *http.Server
+	conns  map[*client]struct{}
+	closed bool
+
+	// pendingTxHz is a transmit frequency a client set on channel B while the rig
+	// was still simplex.
+	//
+	// It must be REMEMBERED, not discarded. A client working split sends two
+	// commands and is free to send them in either order; when the frequency comes
+	// first, throwing it away means the split is then armed on whatever the
+	// transmit VFO happened to hold — the receive frequency — and the operator
+	// transmits straight onto the DX while their software shows exactly what they
+	// asked for. rigctld learned this the same way, and pairs set_split_vfo with
+	// set_split_freq for the same reason.
+	pendingTxHz int64
+
+	// ptt mirrors the last PTT state a client commanded, so a repeat can be
+	// recognised. A client is free to restate PTT as often as it likes, and one
+	// does: through the rigctl server Nexus sent set_ptt 0 about sixteen times a
+	// second, and the Flex's own "xmit 1" landed between two of them and was
+	// overwritten inside a millisecond — a transmit request that simply did
+	// nothing. The same radio sits behind this server.
+	ptt      bool
+	pttKnown bool
+
+	// last is what the clients have been told, so only changes are sent. TCI
+	// clients redraw on every command they receive; re-sending an unchanged
+	// frequency four times a second makes a VFO readout flicker and, in some
+	// clients, fights the operator's own tuning.
+	last state
+}
+
+// state is the part of the rig the clients are kept in step with.
+type state struct {
+	rxHz  int64
+	txHz  int64
+	mode  string
+	split bool
+	valid bool
+}
+
+// clientLogCap bounds how many of one client's commands reach the log.
+const clientLogCap = 200
+
+// client is one connected program.
+type client struct {
+	conn *websocket.Conn
+	mu   sync.Mutex // one writer at a time: gorilla panics on concurrent writes
+	// logged counts what has been written to the log for this connection. Only
+	// the reader goroutine touches it, so it needs no lock of its own.
+	logged int
+}
+
+func (c *client) send(s string) error {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+	if c.conn == nil {
+		return nil // a client with no socket: the tests exercise the protocol, not the transport
+	}
+	_ = c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second))
+	return c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(s))
+}
+
+func New(port int, rig Rig, logf func(string, ...any)) *Server {
+	if port <= 0 || port > 65535 {
+		port = DefaultPort
+	}
+	if logf == nil {
+		logf = func(string, ...any) {}
+	}
+	return &Server{port: port, rig: rig, log: logf, conns: map[*client]struct{}{}}
+}
+
+// Start binds the port and serves until Stop.
+func (s *Server) Start() error {
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf(":%d", s.port))
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("tci server: port %d: %w", s.port, err)
+	}
+	up := websocket.Upgrader{
+		// Any origin: the clients are desktop programs on the same machine or
+		// LAN, and they send whatever Origin their toolkit happens to set. This
+		// is the same trust boundary as the rigctl server on 4532 — a plain TCP
+		// port with no authentication, which is what every logger expects.
+		CheckOrigin: func(*http.Request) bool { return true },
+	}
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	// Any path: clients connect to ws://host:port/ but some append a name.
+	mux.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		conn, err := up.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			s.log("tci server: upgrade from %s failed: %v", r.RemoteAddr, err)
+			return
+		}
+		s.serve(&client{conn: conn}, r.RemoteAddr)
+	})
+	srv := &http.Server{Handler: mux}
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	s.ln, s.http, s.closed = ln, srv, false
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+	go func() { _ = srv.Serve(ln) }()
+	go s.pushLoop()
+	s.log("tci server: listening on :%d", s.port)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Stop closes the listener and every client.
+func (s *Server) Stop() {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	if s.closed {
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	s.closed = true
+	ln, srv := s.ln, s.http
+	conns := make([]*client, 0, len(s.conns))
+	for c := range s.conns {
+		conns = append(conns, c)
+	}
+	s.conns = map[*client]struct{}{}
+	s.last = state{}
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+	for _, c := range conns {
+		_ = c.conn.Close()
+	}
+	if srv != nil {
+		_ = srv.Close()
+	}
+	if ln != nil {
+		_ = ln.Close()
+	}
+	s.log("tci server: stopped")
+}
+
+// Clients reports how many programs are connected — the one thing an operator
+// wants to know when a client says it cannot find the rig.
+func (s *Server) Clients() int {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	return len(s.conns)
+}
+
+// serve runs one connection: the initialisation block, then commands until it
+// closes.
+func (s *Server) serve(c *client, remote string) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	if s.closed {
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		_ = c.conn.Close()
+		return
+	}
+	s.conns[c] = struct{}{}
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.log("tci server: %s connected", remote)
+
+	for _, line := range s.initBlock() {
+		if err := c.send(line); err != nil {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	for {
+		_, data, err := c.conn.ReadMessage()
+		if err != nil {
+			break
+		}
+		// One frame may carry several ";"-terminated commands.
+		for _, cmd := range strings.Split(string(data), ";") {
+			if cmd = strings.TrimSpace(cmd); cmd == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			// Every command the client sends, in the log.
+			//
+			// This is the only evidence there will ever be about a program on
+			// someone else's machine: "MSHV's PTT test does nothing" is
+			// unanswerable without knowing whether MSHV sent trx at all, and if
+			// so in what form. Cheap, because TCI is event-driven — a client
+			// speaks when the operator does something, not on a timer.
+			//
+			// Capped so a client that DOES poll cannot quietly fill the
+			// operator's log; the cap says so once and then stays quiet.
+			if c.logged < clientLogCap {
+				c.logged++
+				s.log("tci server: ← %s;", cmd)
+			} else if c.logged == clientLogCap {
+				c.logged++
+				s.log("tci server: (further commands from this client are not logged)")
+			}
+			s.handle(c, cmd)
+		}
+	}
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	delete(s.conns, c)
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+	_ = c.conn.Close()
+	s.log("tci server: %s disconnected", remote)
+}
+
+// initBlock is the initialisation set from §4.1 of the protocol document, in
+// the documented order, followed by the current state so a client that has just
+// connected shows the right frequency instead of waiting for the first change.
+//
+// A client will not proceed without these: they are how it learns the device
+// exists, what it can do, and that the server has finished setting up.
+func (s *Server) initBlock() []string {
+	rx, tx, mode, split := s.read()
+	return []string{
+		"protocol:ExpertSDR3,1.9;",
+		"device:OpsLog;",
+		"receive_only:false;",
+		"trx_count:1;",
+		"channel_count:2;",
+		// The whole HF/VHF/UHF span OpsLog itself works over. A client uses this
+		// to bound its own tuning; too narrow a range and it refuses to follow the
+		// rig onto 2 m.
+		"vfo_limits:10000,470000000;",
+		"if_limits:-48000,48000;",
+		"modulations_list:am,sam,dsb,lsb,usb,cw,nfm,digl,digu;",
+		"ready;",
+		"start;",
+		fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,0,%d;", rx),
+		fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,1,%d;", tx),
+		fmt.Sprintf("modulation:0,%s;", mode),
+		fmt.Sprintf("split_enable:0,%t;", split),
+		"trx:0,false;",
+		// TRANSMIT PERMISSION, and it is not optional in practice.
+		//
+		// The document files TX_ENABLE under unidirectional control rather than
+		// initialisation, but its own note says it is "sent to the client when
+		// connected". A client that models permission — and one written for
+		// ExpertSDR users has every reason to — starts out assuming it may NOT
+		// transmit, and without this it never even tries: PTT does nothing and
+		// the server never sees a trx command to refuse.
+		//
+		// Always true. OpsLog is not the thing that decides: the radio behind
+		// whichever backend is connected does, and its refusal comes back through
+		// SetPTT and into the log.
+		"tx_enable:0,true;",
+		fmt.Sprintf("tx_frequency:%d;", tx),
+	}
+}
+
+// read takes one consistent snapshot of the rig in TCI's terms: channel A is
+// where we LISTEN and channel B where we transmit, which is the opposite way
+// round from ADIF's RigState and the one mistake here that would make a client
+// transmit on the DX's frequency.
+func (s *Server) read() (rxHz, txHz int64, mode string, split bool) {
+	split, txHz = s.rig.Split()
+	rxHz = s.rig.RxFreq()
+	if !split {
+		txHz = s.rig.Freq()
+		if rxHz == 0 {
+			rxHz = txHz
+		}
+	}
+	if rxHz == 0 {
+		rxHz = s.rig.Freq()
+	}
+	if txHz == 0 {
+		txHz = rxHz
+	}
+	mode = adifToTCIMode(s.rig.Mode(), rxHz)
+	return rxHz, txHz, mode, split
+}
+
+// pushLoop tells the clients what has changed on the radio.
+func (s *Server) pushLoop() {
+	t := time.NewTicker(pollInterval)
+	defer t.Stop()
+	for range t.C {
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		done := s.closed
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		if done {
+			return
+		}
+		s.publish()
+	}
+}
+
+// publish sends only what moved. Returns the lines sent, for the tests.
+func (s *Server) publish() []string {
+	rx, tx, mode, split := s.read()
+	cur := state{rxHz: rx, txHz: tx, mode: mode, split: split, valid: true}
+
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	prev := s.last
+	s.last = cur
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	var lines []string
+	if !prev.valid || prev.rxHz != cur.rxHz {
+		lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,0,%d;", cur.rxHz))
+	}
+	if !prev.valid || prev.txHz != cur.txHz {
+		lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,1,%d;", cur.txHz))
+		// The transmit frequency has its own command, which is what a client
+		// showing "TX 14.080" reads. Channel B alone leaves that stale.
+		lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("tx_frequency:%d;", cur.txHz))
+	}
+	if (!prev.valid || prev.mode != cur.mode) && cur.mode != "" {
+		lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("modulation:0,%s;", cur.mode))
+	}
+	if !prev.valid || prev.split != cur.split {
+		lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("split_enable:0,%t;", cur.split))
+	}
+	for _, l := range lines {
+		s.broadcast(l)
+	}
+	return lines
+}
+
+func (s *Server) broadcast(line string) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	conns := make([]*client, 0, len(s.conns))
+	for c := range s.conns {
+		conns = append(conns, c)
+	}
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+	for _, c := range conns {
+		_ = c.send(line)
+	}
+}
+
+// handle answers one command from a client. Returns what was sent back, which
+// is "" for a command that only acts on the radio.
+//
+// A command that SETS something is echoed to every client, not just answered to
+// the one that sent it: the protocol document is explicit that the server
+// synchronises all connected clients, and two loggers that disagree about the
+// frequency are worse than one that is merely slow.
+func (s *Server) handle(c *client, cmd string) string {
+	name, args := cmd, ""
+	if i := strings.IndexByte(cmd, ':'); i >= 0 {
+		name, args = cmd[:i], cmd[i+1:]
+	}
+	f := strings.Split(args, ",")
+	arg := func(i int) string {
+		if i < len(f) {
+			return strings.TrimSpace(f[i])
+		}
+		return ""
+	}
+	num := func(i int) int64 {
+		v, _ := strconv.ParseInt(arg(i), 10, 64)
+		return v
+	}
+	reply := func(line string) string {
+		_ = c.send(line)
+		return line
+	}
+	rx, tx, mode, split := s.read()
+
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(name)) {
+	case "vfo":
+		// Read form: two arguments. Set form: three.
+		if len(f) < 3 || arg(2) == "" {
+			if arg(1) == "1" {
+				return reply(fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,1,%d;", tx))
+			}
+			return reply(fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,0,%d;", rx))
+		}
+		hz := num(2)
+		if hz <= 0 {
+			return ""
+		}
+		if arg(1) == "1" {
+			// Channel B is the transmit frequency. Setting it while simplex must
+			// not move the rig's only VFO — the client asked to prepare a split
+			// transmit frequency, not to QSY — but it must not be thrown away
+			// either: it is where the split will be armed a moment from now.
+			s.mu.Lock()
+			s.pendingTxHz = hz
+			s.mu.Unlock()
+			if !split {
+				s.broadcast(fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,1,%d;", hz))
+				return ""
+			}
+			if err := s.rig.SetSplit(true, hz); err != nil {
+				s.log("tci server: split TX %d Hz refused: %v", hz, err)
+				return ""
+			}
+		} else if err := s.rig.SetFreq(hz); err != nil {
+			s.log("tci server: tune to %d Hz refused: %v", hz, err)
+			return ""
+		}
+		s.broadcast(fmt.Sprintf("vfo:0,%s,%d;", orZero(arg(1)), hz))
+		return ""
+
+	case "modulation":
+		if len(f) < 2 || arg(1) == "" {
+			return reply(fmt.Sprintf("modulation:0,%s;", mode))
+		}
+		m := tciModeToADIF(arg(1))
+		if m == "" {
+			return ""
+		}
+		if err := s.rig.SetMode(m); err != nil {
+			s.log("tci server: mode %s refused: %v", m, err)
+			return ""
+		}
+		s.broadcast(fmt.Sprintf("modulation:0,%s;", strings.ToLower(arg(1))))
+		return ""
+
+	case "trx":
+		if len(f) < 2 || arg(1) == "" {
+			return reply("trx:0,false;")
+		}
+		on := strings.EqualFold(arg(1), "true")
+		// Only touch the radio on a CHANGE — restating a state is not a request
+		// to change it. The first command always goes through, since there is no
+		// knowing how the radio was left.
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		known, prev := s.pttKnown, s.ptt
+		s.ptt, s.pttKnown = on, true
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		if known && prev == on {
+			s.broadcast(fmt.Sprintf("trx:0,%t;", on))
+			return ""
+		}
+		if err := s.rig.SetPTT(on); err != nil {
+			s.log("tci server: PTT %v refused: %v", on, err)
+			return ""
+		}
+		s.log("tci server: PTT %s", map[bool]string{true: "ON", false: "off"}[on])
+		s.broadcast(fmt.Sprintf("trx:0,%t;", on))
+		return ""
+
+	case "split_enable":
+		if len(f) < 2 || arg(1) == "" {
+			return reply(fmt.Sprintf("split_enable:0,%t;", split))
+		}
+		on := strings.EqualFold(arg(1), "true")
+		// Already in the state asked for? Then it is done, and nothing goes to
+		// the radio. This is the lesson the rigctl server paid for: JTDX in "Fake
+		// It" uses no split but still says so to be sure, and a backend that
+		// cannot set split answered an error to a request that was already true.
+		// JTDX read that as rig control failing and abandoned the transmission a
+		// second into the frame. A refusal is only honest when something actually
+		// needed doing.
+		if on == split {
+			s.broadcast(fmt.Sprintf("split_enable:0,%t;", on))
+			return ""
+		}
+		// Arm on the frequency the client gave for channel B, which it is free to
+		// have sent before this command rather than after.
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		pending := s.pendingTxHz
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		txHz := tx
+		if on && pending > 0 {
+			txHz = pending
+		}
+		if err := s.rig.SetSplit(on, txHz); err != nil {
+			// The refusal is the useful part: a backend that cannot split says
+			// so, and the client can tell the operator instead of transmitting
+			// on the wrong frequency believing all is well.
+			s.log("tci server: split %v refused: %v", on, err)
+			return ""
+		}
+		s.log("tci server: split %s, TX %d Hz", map[bool]string{true: "ON", false: "off"}[on], txHz)
+		s.broadcast(fmt.Sprintf("split_enable:0,%t;", on))
+		return ""
+
+	case "dds":
+		// The panorama's centre frequency. OpsLog has no panorama, so it answers
+		// with the receive frequency — which is where a client draws its own.
+		return reply(fmt.Sprintf("dds:0,%d;", rx))
+
+	case "if":
+		// Offset of the tuning filter inside the panorama: zero, since our "dds"
+		// is the receive frequency itself.
+		return reply("if:0,0,0;")
+
+	case "start", "stop", "ready":
+		return ""
+
+	default:
+		// Everything else — audio streams, CW macros, the E-Coder, the
+		// panorama's own settings — belongs to a radio, not to a CAT link.
+		// Silence rather than an error: a client sends these hopefully at
+		// connect, and a refusal it did not ask for reads as a fault.
+		return ""
+	}
+}
+
+func orZero(s string) string {
+	if s == "" {
+		return "0"
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+// adifToTCIMode maps an ADIF mode to a TCI modulation.
+//
+// SSB carries no sideband, so it is resolved from the frequency the way every
+// operator does: below 10 MHz lower, above it upper. A client told "ssb" would
+// not recognise it — the modulation list is the vocabulary.
+func adifToTCIMode(mode string, hz int64) string {
+	switch strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(mode)) {
+	case "":
+		return ""
+	case "CW", "CWR":
+		return "cw"
+	case "USB":
+		return "usb"
+	case "LSB":
+		return "lsb"
+	case "SSB":
+		if hz > 0 && hz < 10_000_000 {
+			return "lsb"
+		}
+		return "usb"
+	case "AM":
+		return "am"
+	case "FM", "NFM":
+		return "nfm"
+	case "RTTY":
+		return "digl"
+	}
+	// Everything else is a data mode: FT8, FT4, JT65, PSK31, MSK144, VARA…
+	// TCI has one pair for the whole family, and the sideband follows the same
+	// rule the data modes themselves use — upper, but for the few HF corners
+	// where LSB is conventional the radio is already there.
+	return "digu"
+}
+
+// tciModeToADIF maps a TCI modulation back to an ADIF mode.
+func tciModeToADIF(m string) string {
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(m)) {
+	case "cw":
+		return "CW"
+	case "usb":
+		return "USB"
+	case "lsb":
+		return "LSB"
+	case "am", "sam":
+		return "AM"
+	case "nfm", "fm", "wfm":
+		return "FM"
+	case "digl", "digu", "dsb", "drm":
+		// The data family: the mode the operator is actually running (FT8, RTTY)
+		// is chosen in OpsLog, and a client switching to "digital" must not
+		// overwrite it with a guess. DATA is the honest ADIF answer.
+		return "DATA"
+	}
+	return ""
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+package tciserver
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// fakeRig is a radio that remembers what it was told. Everything here is about
+// what OpsLog does with a client's command, so the rig only has to answer and
+// record.
+type fakeRig struct {
+	freq, rxFreq int64
+	mode         string
+	split        bool
+	txHz         int64
+	ptt          bool
+	splitErr     error
+	calls        []string
+}
+
+func (r *fakeRig) Freq() int64          { return r.freq }
+func (r *fakeRig) RxFreq() int64        { return r.rxFreq }
+func (r *fakeRig) Mode() string         { return r.mode }
+func (r *fakeRig) Split() (bool, int64) { return r.split, r.txHz }
+func (r *fakeRig) SetFreq(hz int64) error {
+	r.calls = append(r.calls, fmt.Sprintf("freq=%d", hz))
+	r.freq, r.rxFreq = hz, hz
+	return nil
+}
+func (r *fakeRig) SetMode(m string) error {
+	r.calls = append(r.calls, "mode="+m)
+	r.mode = m
+	return nil
+}
+func (r *fakeRig) SetPTT(on bool) error {
+	r.calls = append(r.calls, fmt.Sprintf("ptt=%v", on))
+	r.ptt = on
+	return nil
+}
+func (r *fakeRig) SetSplit(on bool, txHz int64) error {
+	if r.splitErr != nil {
+		return r.splitErr
+	}
+	r.calls = append(r.calls, fmt.Sprintf("split=%v,%d", on, txHz))
+	r.split, r.txHz = on, txHz
+	return nil
+}
+
+// srv builds a server with no listener — handle() and publish() are the whole
+// protocol, and neither needs a socket.
+func srv(r *fakeRig) *Server { return New(0, r, nil) }
+
+// A client with no connection: send() would need one, so reads are checked
+// through the returned line instead. This is why handle returns what it sent.
+func ask(t *testing.T, s *Server, cmd string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	return s.handle(&client{}, cmd)
+}
+
+// The initialisation block is what a client needs before it will believe there
+// is a radio at all. Its contents come from §4.1 of the protocol document, and
+// a client that does not see ready; simply waits for ever.
+func TestInitBlockCarriesTheDocumentedInitialisationSet(t *testing.T) {
+	s := srv(&fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB"})
+	block := strings.Join(s.initBlock(), "")
+	for _, want := range []string{
+		"protocol:ExpertSDR3,", "device:", "receive_only:false;", "trx_count:1;",
+		"channel_count:2;", "vfo_limits:", "if_limits:", "modulations_list:",
+		"ready;", "start;",
+		// Transmit permission. A client that models it starts out assuming it
+		// may NOT transmit, and without this never even tries — PTT does
+		// nothing and the server never sees a trx command at all.
+		"tx_enable:0,true;",
+	} {
+		if !strings.Contains(block, want) {
+			t.Errorf("the initialisation block is missing %q — a client would not proceed past connect", want)
+		}
+	}
+	// And the current state, so a client that connects mid-session shows the
+	// right frequency instead of waiting for the operator to touch something.
+	if !strings.Contains(block, "vfo:0,0,14074000;") {
+		t.Errorf("no current frequency in the block:\n%s", block)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(block, "modulation:0,usb;") {
+		t.Errorf("no current mode in the block:\n%s", block)
+	}
+}
+
+// Channel A is where we LISTEN, channel B where we transmit. Handing these to a
+// client the wrong way round is the one mistake here that puts a station on the
+// DX's own frequency, so it is pinned in both directions.
+func TestSplitPutsTheListeningFrequencyOnChannelA(t *testing.T) {
+	// OpsLog's RigState is ADIF: Freq is the TRANSMIT frequency, RxFreq where we
+	// listen. A DX transmitting on 14025 and listening up 2.
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14027000, rxFreq: 14025000, mode: "CW", split: true, txHz: 14027000}
+	s := srv(r)
+	block := strings.Join(s.initBlock(), "")
+	if !strings.Contains(block, "vfo:0,0,14025000;") {
+		t.Errorf("channel A is not the receive frequency:\n%s", block)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(block, "vfo:0,1,14027000;") {
+		t.Errorf("channel B is not the transmit frequency:\n%s", block)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(block, "split_enable:0,true;") {
+		t.Errorf("split was not announced:\n%s", block)
+	}
+}
+
+// Simplex: both channels report the one frequency, so a client reading either
+// gets the right answer.
+func TestSimplexReportsTheSameFrequencyOnBothChannels(t *testing.T) {
+	s := srv(&fakeRig{freq: 7100000, rxFreq: 7100000, mode: "SSB"})
+	if got := ask(t, s, "vfo:0,0"); got != "vfo:0,0,7100000;" {
+		t.Errorf("read of channel A = %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := ask(t, s, "vfo:0,1"); got != "vfo:0,1,7100000;" {
+		t.Errorf("read of channel B = %q", got)
+	}
+	// 7 MHz is below 10, so SSB is lower sideband — a client told "ssb" would
+	// not recognise it at all, the modulation list is the vocabulary.
+	if got := ask(t, s, "modulation:0"); got != "modulation:0,lsb;" {
+		t.Errorf("read of the mode = %q, want lsb below 10 MHz", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// The client tunes the radio.
+func TestAClientCanTuneAndSetModeAndKey(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB"}
+	s := srv(r)
+	ask(t, s, "vfo:0,0,14200000")
+	ask(t, s, "modulation:0,cw")
+	ask(t, s, "trx:0,true")
+	ask(t, s, "trx:0,false")
+	want := []string{"freq=14200000", "mode=CW", "ptt=true", "ptt=false"}
+	if strings.Join(r.calls, " ") != strings.Join(want, " ") {
+		t.Errorf("the radio was told %v, want %v", r.calls, want)
+	}
+}
+
+// Channel B is the SPLIT transmit frequency. Writing it while the rig is
+// simplex must not move the only VFO there is: the client asked to prepare a
+// transmit frequency, not to QSY — and a logger that did this on every spot
+// click would drag the operator off the station they were listening to.
+func TestWritingChannelBWhileSimplexLeavesTheRigAlone(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB"}
+	s := srv(r)
+	ask(t, s, "vfo:0,1,14080000")
+	if len(r.calls) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("the radio was told %v — a split TX frequency moved a simplex rig", r.calls)
+	}
+	// With split armed it means what it says.
+	r.split, r.txHz = true, 14074000
+	ask(t, s, "vfo:0,1,14080000")
+	if len(r.calls) != 1 || r.calls[0] != "split=true,14080000" {
+		t.Errorf("with split on the radio was told %v, want the new transmit frequency", r.calls)
+	}
+}
+
+// A backend that cannot split says so, and the refusal must not be dressed up
+// as success: the client can then tell the operator to use Fake It, where
+// before it would transmit on the receive frequency believing all was well.
+func TestARefusedSplitIsNotAnnouncedAsDone(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14025000, rxFreq: 14025000, mode: "CW", splitErr: fmt.Errorf("this backend cannot split")}
+	s := srv(r)
+	if got := ask(t, s, "split_enable:0,true"); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("a refused split answered %q", got)
+	}
+	if r.split {
+		t.Error("the rig was recorded as split after the backend refused")
+	}
+}
+
+// Only what moved is sent. TCI clients redraw on every command they receive, so
+// re-sending an unchanged frequency four times a second makes a VFO readout
+// flicker and, in some clients, fights the operator's own tuning.
+func TestOnlyChangesAreSent(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB"}
+	s := srv(r)
+
+	first := s.publish()
+	if len(first) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("the first pass sent nothing — a client would never learn the state")
+	}
+	if got := s.publish(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("an unchanged radio produced %v", got)
+	}
+
+	r.freq, r.rxFreq = 14200000, 14200000
+	got := strings.Join(s.publish(), "")
+	// Both channels move together on a simplex rig, and the transmit frequency
+	// has its own command besides — a client showing "TX 14.200" reads that one,
+	// and channel B alone leaves it stale.
+	for _, want := range []string{"vfo:0,0,14200000;", "vfo:0,1,14200000;", "tx_frequency:14200000;"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
+			t.Errorf("after a QSY the clients were not told %q — got %q", want, got)
+		}
+	}
+	if got := s.publish(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("the QSY was re-sent: %v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// Modes travel both ways, and the data family is the interesting half: a client
+// switching to "digital" must not overwrite the mode the operator chose in
+// OpsLog with a guess at which data mode it was.
+func TestModeMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	up := []struct {
+		adif string
+		hz   int64
+		want string
+	}{
+		{"CW", 14025000, "cw"},
+		{"SSB", 14200000, "usb"},
+		{"SSB", 7100000, "lsb"},
+		{"USB", 7100000, "usb"}, // an explicit sideband is never second-guessed
+		{"FT8", 14074000, "digu"},
+		{"RTTY", 14080000, "digl"},
+		{"AM", 3700000, "am"},
+		{"FM", 145500000, "nfm"},
+		{"", 14074000, ""},
+	}
+	for _, c := range up {
+		if got := adifToTCIMode(c.adif, c.hz); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("adifToTCIMode(%q, %d) = %q, want %q", c.adif, c.hz, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+	down := map[string]string{
+		"cw": "CW", "usb": "USB", "lsb": "LSB", "am": "AM", "sam": "AM",
+		"nfm": "FM", "digu": "DATA", "digl": "DATA", "": "",
+	}
+	for in, want := range down {
+		if got := tciModeToADIF(in); got != want {
+			t.Errorf("tciModeToADIF(%q) = %q, want %q", in, got, want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// A command for something OpsLog is not — audio streams, CW macros, the
+// panorama's settings — is met with silence rather than an error. A client
+// sends these hopefully at connect, and a refusal it did not ask for reads as a
+// fault with the rig.
+func TestUnknownCommandsAreQuiet(t *testing.T) {
+	s := srv(&fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB"})
+	for _, cmd := range []string{"audio_start:0", "cw_macros_speed:25", "rx_filter_band:0,-2700,-100", "iq_start:0"} {
+		if got := ask(t, s, cmd); got != "" {
+			t.Errorf("%q answered %q", cmd, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Split, with the client sending the two commands in the order it prefers.
+//
+// A client working split has to say two things: where to transmit, and that
+// split is on. Nothing obliges it to say them in that order, and the frequency
+// arriving first is the dangerous case: discarding it and then arming split
+// leaves the transmit VFO on whatever it held — the RECEIVE frequency — so the
+// operator transmits straight onto the DX while their software shows exactly
+// what they asked for.
+func TestSplitIsArmedOnTheFrequencyTheClientGaveWhicheverOrderItCame(t *testing.T) {
+	// Frequency first, then split — the order that used to lose the frequency.
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14025000, rxFreq: 14025000, mode: "CW"}
+	s := srv(r)
+	ask(t, s, "vfo:0,1,14027000")
+	ask(t, s, "split_enable:0,true")
+	if len(r.calls) != 1 || r.calls[0] != "split=true,14027000" {
+		t.Errorf("frequency first: the radio was told %v, want split armed on 14027000", r.calls)
+	}
+
+	// Split first, then the frequency — the order that always worked.
+	r2 := &fakeRig{freq: 14025000, rxFreq: 14025000, mode: "CW"}
+	s2 := srv(r2)
+	ask(t, s2, "split_enable:0,true")
+	ask(t, s2, "vfo:0,1,14027000")
+	if len(r2.calls) == 0 || r2.calls[len(r2.calls)-1] != "split=true,14027000" {
+		t.Errorf("split first: the radio was told %v, want it to end on 14027000", r2.calls)
+	}
+}
+
+// "Fake It" uses no split at all: the client shifts the DIAL at the start of
+// transmit and shifts it back at the end. All it needs is channel A, and it
+// must reach the radio both ways.
+func TestFakeItIsJustTheDialMoving(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB"}
+	s := srv(r)
+	ask(t, s, "vfo:0,0,14075300") // up for the over
+	ask(t, s, "vfo:0,0,14074000") // and back
+	want := []string{"freq=14075300", "freq=14074000"}
+	if strings.Join(r.calls, " ") != strings.Join(want, " ") {
+		t.Errorf("the radio was told %v, want %v", r.calls, want)
+	}
+}
+
+// A client in Fake It still says "split off" to be sure. The rig is already
+// simplex, so there is nothing to do — and saying so beats asking a backend
+// that may not be able to set split at all.
+//
+// This is what broke JTDX through the rigctl server: an error answered to a
+// request that was already true, read as rig control failing, and the
+// transmission abandoned a second into the frame.
+func TestSayingSplitOffWhenAlreadySimplexTouchesNothing(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB",
+		splitErr: fmt.Errorf("this backend cannot split")}
+	s := srv(r)
+	ask(t, s, "split_enable:0,false")
+	if len(r.calls) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("the radio was told %v for a state it was already in", r.calls)
+	}
+}
+
+// A client restating PTT must not re-command the radio. Through the rigctl
+// server, one sent set_ptt 0 sixteen times a second and the Flex's own transmit
+// request was overwritten between two of them inside a millisecond.
+func TestRepeatedPTTIsNotResentToTheRadio(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRig{freq: 14074000, rxFreq: 14074000, mode: "USB"}
+	s := srv(r)
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		ask(t, s, "trx:0,false")
+	}
+	if len(r.calls) != 1 || r.calls[0] != "ptt=false" {
+		// The FIRST one always goes through: there is no knowing how the radio
+		// was left.
+		t.Errorf("the radio was told %v, want one unkey and no repeats", r.calls)
+	}
+	ask(t, s, "trx:0,true")
+	ask(t, s, "trx:0,true")
+	if len(r.calls) != 2 || r.calls[1] != "ptt=true" {
+		t.Errorf("the radio was told %v, want the change through and the repeat dropped", r.calls)
+	}
+}
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import (

 const (
 	// appVersion is stamped on every heartbeat (and could feed the About box).
-	appVersion = "0.25.7"
+	appVersion = "0.25.8"

 	// posthogHost is the PostHog ingestion endpoint. EU cloud by default; change
 	// to https://us.i.posthog.com for a US project.
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
rouggy	7be6f64596	chore: release v0.25.8	2026-08-17 13:18:32 +02:00
rouggy	0bab7f05b9	feat(relays): accept a self-signed certificate on a generic HTTP board HTTPS to a relay board could not work. Nearly every board that offers it signs its own certificate — there is no authority anywhere that could have signed it — so the request failed verification before it left. A checkbox, per board, off by default. Not a blanket switch, because the other HTTPS case is real and opposite: a board reached from outside through a proxy with a genuine certificate, where verification is the only thing standing between an antenna switch and the internet. Same setting, two boards, different answers. Off by default is only safe if the failure explains itself, so a certificate error now names the box to tick. Go's own "x509: certificate signed by unknown authority" is accurate and tells an operator nothing about what to do next. Shown only once an https:// URL is actually in the board's configuration. A board on plain HTTP has no certificate to argue about, and an option that cannot matter yet is one more thing to wonder about. The flag joins the driver cache key: ticking it has to rebuild the driver, or the cached one would go on refusing the certificate with the verifying client it already holds. The boards that take a bare host — WebSwitch, KMTronic — keep verification. An https:// typed there is the proxy case by construction, since they default to plain HTTP on the LAN. Three tests against a real self-signed TLS server: accepted with the box, refused with a message naming it without the box, and one board's setting not leaking into another's.	2026-08-17 10:57:29 +02:00
rouggy	dc898ce2af	fix(amps): combined amplifiers are commanded together, power level included Two faults in the combiner coupling, both reported from the operating position. THE POWER LEVEL WAS NEVER COUPLED. ON, OFF and OPERATE fanned out to the group; L/M/H did not — it was simply the command nobody had linked. Two combined amplifiers left at different power levels feed the combiner unevenly, which is the thing the coupling exists to prevent. THE COMMANDS DID NOT LEAVE TOGETHER. The second amplifier was commanded only once the first had answered, and an SPE answers over its own link in its own time. The combiner heard power appear on one input before the other and beeped about it, on every OFF and every ON. Each target now gets a goroutine, all parked on one channel until every one is ready; closing it releases them together. That is the difference between "start one, then start the other" and "both leave at once" — they have separate clients and separate connections, so nothing downstream re-serialises them. It matters most on the power level, which is not one command at all: an SPE has no "set level", so the driver taps the POWER key and waits for the amp to report the new one before tapping again — up to three taps, up to two seconds each. One after the other, the pair would sit at different levels for six seconds. A single amplifier still runs inline: no goroutine, no barrier, nothing new to go wrong for the operators who have one amp. The one that was clicked stays first, because its failure is the one worth reporting.	2026-08-17 10:42:19 +02:00
rouggy	e5c9ca1a7d	fix(rotator): the compass shows the heading it already knows Opening Station Control left the compass blank for a second or two while the amplifiers, relay boards and power supply filled at once. Nothing was slow. The status bar keeps the shared heading loop running, so when the compass mounts there is already a tick pending — up to the full three-second idle interval away — and the new subscriber simply waited out the rest of it. The heading was known the whole time and had nowhere to be read from. The last heading is now kept and handed to whoever subscribes next. That matters more on the Alpha SPID this was reported on than it would elsewhere: every poll is an open, a read at 600 baud and a close, so even fetching immediately on mount would not have been immediate. In a microtask, so a subscriber is never called back before subscribeRotorHeading has returned to it.	2026-08-17 10:32:06 +02:00
rouggy	21a0d560de	feat(awards): a reference's number can be corrected in the editor The one field the editor would not let you touch, and the one that was wrong on WAJA. Every other property of a reference — its name, pattern, entity list, validity window — was editable; the code was rendered readOnly, so correcting a number meant deleting all 47 references and importing a new list, throwing away anything the operator had adjusted in it. A rename in the store, not a delete plus an insert: everything the reference carries travels with it, which is the whole point of correcting a number rather than replacing an entry. A number already in use is refused — REPLACE INTO would have let one reference silently swallow another, discovered much later as a prefecture quietly missing from the list. The typed code is held apart from the selection. The list and every field patch key off the selected code, so editing it in place made the editor lose the reference mid-edit. SaveAwardReference now recomputes the log like Delete and Replace already did. A reference's name is what the award column SHOWS for awards displaying by name, and its pattern is part of what matches at all — so editing one changes rows, and the grid was left showing the old label until something else happened to trigger a pass. Changelog: the three TCI-sharing lines are merged into one. The server and the two fixes made to it while building are one unreleased feature, and an operator only ever meets the finished thing. The TCI-client PTT line stays separate — it is OpsLog driving a SunSDR, the other direction entirely.	2026-08-17 10:26:13 +02:00
rouggy	2941121f4b	fix(awards): WAJA was numbered by the Japanese state, not by the JARL The catalog carried Japan's civil prefecture code (JIS X 0401) — 01 Hokkaido, 02 Aomori, 03 Iwate, 04 Miyagi — where the award uses the JARL's own numbering. The two agree on the first three prefectures and then part company on 35 of the remaining 44: Tokyo is 10 to the JARL and 13 to the government, Niigata 08 against 15, Toyama 28 against 16. The names were right throughout, which is why nothing looked wrong: the award matches on the prefecture NAME in the QTH, so it counted exactly the right contacts. Only the number against each one was wrong — and that number is what an operator writes on a JARL claim. Renumbered by name from the official JARL list, so everything else each entry carried travels with it. That includes the Tokyo spelling pattern, which had to move from 13 to 10; left where it was it would have been matching QTHs for Saitama. Two digits throughout, as the JARL prints them. Not cosmetic: the codes are strings, so "1" sorts between "09" and "10" and the reference list appeared in an order no published list uses. Version 2 on the definition, so this actually reaches people. An operator who has not edited WAJA gets it at startup; one who has is offered it, since their work outranks ours. Nobody has to re-import by hand. Reported with the official JARL chart alongside the exported award.	2026-08-17 10:17:28 +02:00
rouggy	6c75ff345b	fix(tci server): split armed on the frequency asked for, in either order Audit prompted by "are we sure the commands are implemented — split, Fake It, Split rig?". The rigctl server is complete and hardened; the TCI one, three days old, had reintroduced a bug rigctld had already paid for. A client working split says two things — where to transmit, and that split is on — and nothing obliges it to say them in that order. A write to channel B while the rig was still simplex was DISCARDED, on the sound principle that preparing a transmit frequency is not a request to QSY. But then the split was armed on whatever the transmit VFO held, which is the receive frequency: the operator transmits straight onto the DX while their software shows exactly what they asked for. The frequency is now remembered and used when the split arrives, which is what rigctld does with set_split_vfo / set_split_freq. Two more from the same source: Asking for a split state the rig is already in touches nothing. A client in Fake It uses no split but still says so to be sure, and answering an error to a request that was already true is what made JTDX abandon a transmission a second into the frame through the rigctl server. A repeated PTT command is not re-sent. One client restated it sixteen times a second, and the Flex's own "xmit 1" was overwritten between two of them inside a millisecond. The same radio sits behind this server — the operator reporting this is on the Flex API backend. Fake It itself needs nothing but channel A, and now has a test saying so.	2026-08-17 10:00:57 +02:00
rouggy	d5e25244ee	fix(tci server): announce transmit permission, and log what the client sends MSHV's PTT test does nothing against the TCI sharing server. The initialisation block never carried TX_ENABLE. The document files it under unidirectional control rather than initialisation, so it was missed when the block was written from §4.1 — but its own note says it is "sent to the client when connected", and that is the point: a client that models transmit permission starts out assuming it may NOT transmit. Without it MSHV never even tries, so nothing arrives to relay and there is nothing to see at either end. Sent as true always. OpsLog is not what decides — the radio behind whichever backend is connected does, and its refusal already travels back through SetPTT into the log. TX_FREQUENCY goes with it, at connect and whenever the transmit frequency moves. It is the command a client showing "TX 14.200" reads; channel B alone left that stale. And every command a client sends is now logged. This is the only evidence there will ever be about a program on someone else's machine: "the PTT test does nothing" cannot be answered without knowing whether MSHV sent trx at all, and in what form. Cheap — TCI is event-driven, a client speaks when the operator does something — and capped at 200 lines per connection so one that does poll cannot quietly fill the log. If this was not the cause, the next report answers it in one line rather than another round of guessing.	2026-08-17 09:39:02 +02:00
rouggy	4095455e66	fix(tci): a refused PTT is reported instead of vanishing "PTT via CAT does nothing on TCI." What OpsLog sends is right — trx:0,true; is the documented command and the same one the reference clients send — so the command was going out and the radio was discarding it. ExpertSDR announces transmit permission with TX_ENABLE: on connect, and again whenever the band changes, "in case transmitter permission was changed" (§4.3). While it is false the radio simply IGNORES trx. OpsLog never read that command, so there was nothing in the log, nothing on screen, and a dead key. Now the permission is tracked and SetPTT refuses out loud, naming where to look: the frequency must be inside a transmit band and TX enabled in ExpertSDR. The refusal travels the path that already exists — Manager.SetPTT to pttKey, which logs it and hands it to the UI. Silence is not a "no". A radio that never mentions TX_ENABLE — an older ExpertSDR, or another program speaking TCI — is not treated as refusing: we key and let it decide. Permission is also forgotten on connect, so a refusal remembered from a band since left cannot block PTT until a restart. This may not be the operator's own cause, and that is the other half of the change: if it is not, the log now settles it in one line. cat: TCI: → trx:0,true; present means the command left OpsLog and the radio ignored it for a reason it has not told us; absent means the fault is on this side.	2026-08-17 09:30:36 +02:00
rouggy	3f95763ca6	feat(lookup): a cache TTL of 0 switches the cache off Wanted for the case where the answers are moving: an operator correcting their own QRZ record, or chasing a DXpedition whose page changes during the operation, otherwise waits out thirty days before OpsLog will ask again. Clearing the cache by hand works once; this is the setting for a whole session. Nothing is read from it and nothing is written to it — rows stored while it is off would only sit there going stale, waiting for the day it comes back on. Switching off is NOT clearing: what it already holds stays, and the Clear cache button remains the way to throw that away. Two distinctions the code now has to keep, both load-bearing: An EXPLICIT stored zero is off; an ABSENT key is the thirty-day default. Every operator who has never opened this setting has nothing stored, and reading that blank as a zero would silently switch the cache off for all of them. The CONSTRUCTOR's zero is still the default, not off. At startup the settings have not been read yet, and beginning with no cache would hammer the provider for the first seconds of every launch. Only SetTTL, called once the operator's settings are known, can switch it off. A negative lifetime is meaningless and is ignored rather than rounded into either meaning. The input had to change too: it derived its value from the stored number on every keystroke, so the box could not be emptied — and 0 was unreachable outright, since parseInt('0') \|\| 30 is 30.	2026-08-17 09:21:12 +02:00
rouggy	72ec3cbb97	feat(cat): share the rig over TCI as well as Hamlib — one or the other internal/rigctld exists because Windows gives a COM port to ONE process: the moment OpsLog talks to the radio natively, nothing else can. It answers the programs that speak Hamlib NET rigctl. This answers the ones built around Expert Electronics' TCI instead — and it answers them whatever radio is connected, because it sits on the same backend-agnostic Rig interface. An operator with an Icom or a Yaesu can now hand a TCI-only program a working rig. One server or the other, never both. They answer the same questions about the same radio, nothing speaks both, and a second listener is only a second thing to go wrong. Written against the official TCI Protocol document (ExpertSDR3/TCI, 12 January 2024, MIT — downloaded and read, not recalled): the initialisation set of §4.1 in its documented order, and the argument order of every command from §4.2. A client will not proceed past connect without that block, which is why it is written out in full rather than stubbed. The one dangerous detail is the VFO mapping. TCI's channel A is where you LISTEN and channel B where you transmit — the opposite way round from OpsLog's RigState, which follows ADIF. Getting that backwards would put a station on the DX's own frequency, so it is pinned in both directions by a test, and RxFreq was added to the adapter rather than inferred. Writing channel B while the rig is simplex is ignored: the client asked to prepare a split transmit frequency, not to QSY, and a logger doing that on every spot click would drag the operator off the station they were listening to. A backend that cannot split still refuses out loud. Only changes are pushed. TCI clients redraw on each command, so re-sending an unchanged frequency four times a second makes a VFO readout flicker and fights the operator's own tuning. Nine tests, no socket needed — the protocol is the decision, not the transport.	2026-08-17 02:35:21 +02:00
rouggy	a8bca8c316	feat(awards): an entity that IS one island group fills its own IOTA reference QRZ carries <iota> only for the operators who filled it in, and most have not. But for 99 entities the reference follows from the entity alone — a station in Ascension is on AF-003 whatever its callbook record says — and the entity is known for every callsign from cty.dat, with no callbook at all. So this reaches the operator with no QRZ subscription and the station that has never touched a callbook, and it lands before the contact is logged, which is when a reference is worth having. Filled ONLY when the callbook gave nothing: an operator who typed a reference knows something a table cannot — an IOTA-heavy entity, a rare island being activated — and that still wins, as does one picked by hand on the entry. The table is the IOTA programme's own dxcc_matches_one_iota.json, which lists exactly the entities that map to ONE reference. France is not among them: a French station is usually on the mainland and on no island, and guessing would put a reference on hundreds of contacts that earn none. Held as a table rather than a download — 3.5 kB that changes when an entity appears, so fetching it daily would buy nothing and would fail exactly where a portable station usually is. The header says where it came from and how to refresh it. Follows `747c2b9` and `eab11db`, which read the callbook's own tag.	2026-08-17 02:26:52 +02:00
rouggy	8b75166dbe	chore: open 0.25.8 Version constants stay at 0.25.7 — the release script bumps them.	2026-08-17 02:20:56 +02:00